BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The purpose was to establish the test-retest reliability of word recognition score (WRS) using Korean standard monosyllabic word lists for adults (KS-MWL-A) recently developed based on the international standard for speech audiometry (ISO 8253-3:2012). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Subjects consisted of 159 adults aged to 18 to 25 years with normal hearing sensitivity. WRSs w...

In two experiments, subjects studied lists of categorized words and then were tested for recognition of those words. Response time for a test word was speeded whenever the immediately preceding test word was from the same category. This was true even for test words (lures) from categories never studied. Thus it is argued that semantic information not present at the time of study affected retrie...

Background An adapted version of the Three Words Shapes Test (3W3S) is conducted for old Brazilian adults. This study describes translation, back-translation, and pilot 3W3S-Br senior adults' adaptation process. Method The 3W3S administration scoring procedures were translated to Portuguese by three independent translators. Concomitantly, a panel specialists selected 18 abstract, regular nouns ...

The neurocognitive basis of memory retrieval is often examined by investigating brain potential old/new effects, which are differences in brain activity between successfully remembered repeated stimuli and correctly rejected new stimuli in a recognition test. In this study, we combined analyses of old/new effects for words with an item-method directed-forgetting manipulation in order to isolate...