The study aims to discover whether audio or video modality in a listening test is more beneficial to test takers. In this study, the posttest-only control group design was utilized and quantitative data were collected in order to measure participant performances concerning two types of modality (audio or video) in a listening test. The participants, first grade students from an ELT program, wer...

To date, the role of gender in speaking tests has received limited attention in language testing research. It is possible in oral interviews, for instance, that both interviewing and rating may be highly gendered processes. In tests like the IELTS interview, where the interviewer also acts as the rater, this poses the question of whether a gender effect, if it exists, stems from the interview i...

The response process of problem-solving items contains rich information about respondents' behaviours and cognitive in the digital tasks, while extraction is a big challenge. aim study to use data-driven approach explore latent states state transitions underlying reflect test-takers' behavioural patterns, investigate how these could be associated with performance. We employed Hidden Markov Mode...

This study investigates the impact of different types of electronic warnings during a simulated job application assessment. Results indicated that negatively worded warnings and accusations worked better than positively worded warnings at blunting faking. Although there was some evidence that test-takers engaging in higher levels of faking heeded warnings more, warnings tended to decrease score...

Researchers suggest that claims about the meaningfulness of test score interpretations and consequences use should be backed by evidence stakeholders understand definition construct assessed (meaningfulness) reports (consequences). Evaluation stakeholders' actual uses in large-scale standardized language proficiency tests, however, remains limited reporting literature. This study investigates h...

This paper explains how to use the PIE method, a criterion- and norm-referenced analytical translation evaluation with particular emphasis on translator training. In addition, it sheds light test construct preparation phase that precedes evaluation. The source text item selection, as well dichotomous categorisation of solutions are discussed in detail. also clarifies refines two contentious iss...

at the pre-test stage, one of the important stages in language testing, items of the test are given to some language learners who are at same level as the target test takers, and through the statistical analysis of their responses, the information such as item facility and item discrimination are gained. also, unreliable and problematic items are distinguished and amended. this research tries t...

Time-varying asset returns lead highly risk-averse investors to choose market-timing exposures that increase in their horizon, agreement with the common advice reduce risk age, but contrast theoretical work prescribes constant portfolio weights. In a market where an investor absolute aversion and finite horizon trades temporary fluctuations, we find asymptotically optimal investment strategies ...