β-arrestin 2 has been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of asthma by inducing Th2 cell migration to the lungs. Whether β-arrestin 2 regulates cytokine production of CD4 T cells is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of β-arrestin 2 on the cytokine production of CD4 T lymphocytes and the mechanism involved in a mouse model for asthma. After silencing ...

We evaluated the ability of canine isolated nonperfused lung lobes to absorb fluid from their air spaces by simultaneously measuring alveolar liquid clearance (ALC) in three lobes removed from the same dog. Autologous plasma was instilled in the air spaces of each lobe, and the increase in plasma protein concentration resulting from fluid reabsorption was used to calculate ALC. ALC after 4 h wa...

This randomised, double-blind, 6-month study compared budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and relief with salmeterol/fluticasone and a fixed maintenance dose of budesonide/formoterol, both with terbutaline for relief. Following a 2-week run-in, 3335 symptomatic adults and adolescents (mean FEV1 73% predicted, mean inhaled corticosteroid dose 745 microg/day) received budesonide/formoterol 160/...

Eight asthmatic patients and two normal subjects performed two identical exercise tests 140 minutes apart (first test preceded by inhalation of saline and the second by terbutaline sulphate). A ninth asthmatic patient exercised twice after placebo 40 minutes apart. Arterial plasma levels of histamine and cyclic AMP, expiratory flow rates and volumes were measured at rest and during and after ex...

OBJECTIVE We investigated how progesterone and salmeterol modify the effect of nifedipine in an in vivo preterm birth model in rats, and how terbutaline and nifedipine modify the contractions of the isolated human myometrium. DESIGN Experimental animal and human myometrial studies. SAMPLE Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats and 13 human uterine tissues sampled from cesarean section. ME...

Tight control of lung liquid (LL) regulation is vital for pulmonary function. The aim of this work was to determine whether PKC activation is involved in the physiological regulation of LL volume in a whole lung preparation. Rat lungs were perfused with a modified Ringer solution, and the lumen was filled with the same solution without glucose. LL volume was measured during a control period and...

PURPOSE To compare the clinical benefit and cost-effectiveness of utilizing continuous subcutaneous terbutaline versus oral tocolytics following recurrent preterm labor. DESIGN Retrospective, 1:1 matched cohort. METHODOLOGY From prospectively collected data in a nationwide, perinatal database of women receiving outpatient services, we identified singleton gestations having recurrent preterm...

Tracheobronchial blood flow is potentially important in asthma as it could either influence the clearance of mediators from the airways, thus affecting the duration and severity of bronchospasm, or enhance oedema formation with a resultant increase in airflow obstruction. In anaesthetized dogs, spontaneously breathing via a tracheostomy, we investigated the effects of three interventions which ...

drug when nearing exhaustion which would lead to a decline in the response to the drug. Most likely the development of drug tolerance to beta, agonists involves more than one mechanism. The workshop was fruitful in amunulating further evidence that drug tolerance to beta, agonists does develop. It is clear that further studies are needed to define the clinical sigdicance of drug tolerance, the ...