We report 3 cases of patients with HIV/AIDS in whom Fanconi syndrome and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus developed secondary to use of an antiretroviral regimen containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and didanosine. These patients presented with a history of polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss, anorexia, and wasting. Interestingly, 1 patient was not taking protease inhibitors. This response is a...

The susceptibilities of drug-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutants to lamivudine, adefovir, tenofovir, entecavir, and 2,4-diamino-6-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethoxy]-pyrimidine (PMEO-DAPym), a novel acyclic pyrimidine analogue, were assessed in vitro. Most drug-resistant mutants, including multidrug-resistant strains, remained sensitive to tenofovir and PMEO-DAPym. Therefore, the latter molecule...

BACKGROUND As pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) becomes more widely used in heterosexual populations, an important consideration is its safety in infants who are breastfed by women taking PrEP. We investigated whether tenofovir and emtricitabine are excreted into breast milk and then absorbed by the breastfeeding infant in clinically significant concentrations when used as PrEP by lactating women...

UNLABELLED Spontaneous reactivation of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is an important cause of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Antiviral drugs may help reduce the high morbidity and mortality in such patients, especially in places where liver transplant is not available. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of tenofovir and to determine the predictors of mortality in patients with spontaneous...

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health problem worldwide. Tenofovir monotherapy or tenofovir-based combination therapy have achieved promising results in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients who failed adefovir therapy. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of tenofovir monotherapy compared with tenofovir-based combina...

BACKGROUND Abacavir has been associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction, but the pathogenic mechanisms remain unknown. We evaluated longitudinal changes in pro-atherosclerotic biomarkers in patients initiating abacavir or tenofovir. METHODS Consecutive patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) with abacavir/lamivudine or tenofovir/emtricitabine were included. Plas...

BACKGROUND Among 141 HIV-HBV-coinfected patients treated with tenofovir in our centre, 87% were good-responders to therapy. Seven patients showed a delayed response to tenofovir. The present study was performed to evaluate the quasispecies variability and the in vitro drug susceptibility to approved antiviral drugs of HBV genomes directly isolated from patients' sera. METHODS After purificati...

Alterations of the genital mucosal barrier may influence the number of viruses transmitted from a human immunodeficiency virus-infected source host to the newly infected individual. We used heteroduplex tracking assay and single-genome sequencing to investigate the effect of a tenofovir-based microbicide gel on the transmission bottleneck in women who seroconverted during the CAPRISA 004 microb...

Studies based on selective pressure imposed by tenofovir in vitro [1] have reported the emergence of the K65R mutation in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) gene. The K65R mutation is known in HIV-1 to confer reduced antiviral activity to tenofovir, abacavir and lamivudine and retain activity to thymidine analogues [2]. Few data are available on the selection of resistance mutations in HIV-2-trea...