The objective of this study was to compare tissue Doppler imaging and speckle tracking ultrasound to assess the relative motion of flexor tendon and surrounding subsynovial connective tissue (SSCT). Twenty normal human wrists were imaged with an ultrasound scanner. The two ultrasound methods measured the excursion and maximum velocity of the tendon and SSCT while subjects gripped three differen...

BACKGROUND Chronic Achilles tendon tears could hinder patients and represent a challenge to surgeons. Although many different surgical techniques have been proposed for reconstruction of a neglected Achilles tendon rupture, there is no clear evidence to support one technique over the others, but the use of a technique that could allow for an "anatomical" reconstructions seems desirable. METHO...

Active Achilles tendon kinesitherapy facilitates the functional recovery of a ruptured Achilles tendon. However, protein expression during the healing process remains a controversial issue. New Zealand rabbits, aged 14 weeks, underwent tenotomy followed immediately by Achilles tendon microsurgery to repair the Achilles tendon rupture. The tendon was then immobilized or subjected to postoperativ...

BACKGROUND Tendon disease is characterized by the development of fibrosis. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) are key mediators in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disorders. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the evidence for the expression of TGF-β, BMPs and CTGF along tendon disease progression an...

The extensor digitorum muscle (EDM) originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus via the common extensor tendon, the adjacent intermuscular septa and the antebrachial fascia. It divides distally into four tendons which pass in a common synovial sheath with the tendon of extensor indicis, through a tunnel under the extensor retinaculum and diverge on the dorsum of the hand, one to each ...

As tendon stem/progenitor cells were reported to be rare in tendon tissues, tendons as vulnerable targets of sports injury possess poor self-repair capability. Human ESCs (hESCs) represent a promising approach to tendon regeneration. But their teno-lineage differentiation strategy has yet to be defined. Here, we report that force combined with the tendon-specific transcription factor scleraxis ...

background laceration of the hand extensor tendons is common in the upper extremities, causing soft tissue trauma. these tendons, because of their superficial location and lying adjacent to bones, have a greater tendency to be injured than flexor tendons. objectives the aim of this study was to determine the results of primary repairs of lacerated extensor tendons of the fingers, with respect t...

BACKGROUND Hip pain in patients with normal bony anatomy and anterior labral injury may be related to compression of the iliopsoas tendon across the anterior capsulolabral complex. No attempts to characterize the 3-dimensional anatomy of the iliopsoas tendon and its relationship to the acetabular labrum have been reported to date. HYPOTHESIS The iliopsoas tendon directly overlies the capsulol...

Abstract Engineering scaffolds to augment the repair of hard-to-soft multitissue musculoskeletal tissue units, such as bone-tendon, simultaneously support healing and functional movement has had limited success. Overcoming this challenge will require not only precise spatial control bone- tendon-like biomechanical properties, but also consideration resultant cues, well embedded biochemical cues...

The etiology of patellar tendinopathy (jumper's knee) has been attributed to a significant increase in patellar tendon torques associated with jumping. While some investigators have suggested that patellar tendon torques are greater during takeoff, little is known about the relative magnitudes of patellar tendon torques during takeoff and landing. We hypothesized that peak patellar tendon torqu...