In the title mol-ecular salt, C(4)H(10)NO(+)·C(4)H(5)O(6) (-), the morpholinium cation adopts a chair conformation. The conformation of the C-C-C-C backbone of the monotartrate anion is close to anti [torsion angle = 173.18 (17)°], which is supported by two intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, the components are linked by N-H-O and O-H-O hydrogen bonds, generating (001) sheets.

In this work a combined molecular dynamics simulation and dynamically corrected transition-state theory (dcTST) study was performed to investigate the effect of interpenetration (catenation) on hydrogen diffusion in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as well as their relationships. The results on 10 isoreticular MOFs (IRMOFs) with and without interpenetration show that catenation can reduce hydrog...

We give a new combinatorial de nition of a sort of weak !category originally devised by J. Baez and J. Dolan in nite dimensional cases. Our de nition is a mixture of both inductive and coinductive de nitions, and suitable for `computational category theory.' Keyword: weak n-category, bicategory, tricategory, formalized mathematics

We generalise the concepts introduced by Baez and Dolan to define opetopes constructed from symmetric operads with a category, rather than a set, of objects. We describe the category of 1-level generalised multicategories, a special case of the concept introduced by Hermida, Makkai and Power, and exhibit a full embedding of this category in the category of symmetric operads with a category of o...

This paper argues an existence of a class of functions where function own input makes function description. That fact have impact to the wide spectrum of phenomena such as negative findings of Random Oracle Model in cryptography, complexity in some rules of cellular automata (Wolfram rule 30) and determinism in the true randomness to name just a few.

A scanning coherent diffraction imaging method was used to reconstruct the X-ray wavefronts produced by a Fresnel zone plate (FZP) and by Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) focusing mirrors. The ptychographical measurement was conducted repeatedly by placing a lithographed test sample at different defocused planes. The wavefronts, recovered by phase-retrieval at well-separated planes, show good consistency ...

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in freshwater ecosystems, especially of cyanobacterial species, are becoming more frequent and expanding geographically, including in Lake Erie in North America. HABs are the result of complex and synergistic environmental factors, though N or P eutrophication is a leading cause. With global mean temperatures expected to increase an additional 2 ̊C 5 ̊C by 2100, cyanob...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Because ultrasound is used for improving thrombolysis of cerebral infarction but continuous ultrasound insonation also has significant thermal effects, we evaluated brain temperature increase and tissue destruction during pulsed ultrasound emission. METHODS We examined 340-kHz pulsed ultrasound effects in male Wistar rats. Ultrasound was applied transcranially for 30 mi...

H+-ATPase activity in leaves and roots of coconut palms growing in 'root wilt disease-prevalent areas' was compared with that of coconut palms growing in 'disease-free areas'. The activity was found to be significantly less in the leaves and roots of palms in the disease-prevalent zone as compared to that in disease-free zone. Histochemical examination of the leaves showed results that corrobor...