A nationwide survey was carried out in Korea to assess the prevalence of Shigella strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). From 1991 to 2002, 5,911 clinical strains were isolated and screened for resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. Twenty of the Shigella isolates were ESBL positive, based on the synergistic effects between clavulanate and selected beta-lactams (c...

Based on the sample type, TEM imaging can be classified into cross-sectional TEM (XTEM) and planeview TEM (PTEM). The advantage of XTEM is that it shows stacked layer structures that reflect the manufacturing process steps. Plane-view TEM, on the other hand, is suitable for cases where either the exact defect location has not been isolated for XTEM or the anomaly has affected structures more la...

Four ceftazidime-resistant Escherichia coli strains were isolated from elderly nursing home patients in a New York hospital during 1993. Strains MCQ-2, MCQ-3, and MCQ-4 were determined to be identical by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and plasmid profiles, whereas strain MCQ-1 was unique. Strain MCQ-1 was determined to produce a TEM-10 beta-lactamase. Strains MCQ-2, MCQ-3, and MCQ-4 were also...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Nowadays, the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing strains in Serratia genus causes the emergence of resistance to many antibiotics. So, the lack of proper diagnosis of ESBLs strains can lead to failure in the treatment. The objective of the present study was to investigate ESBLs production in Serratia strains isolated from the clinical blood sam...

OBJECTIVES The complete nucleotide sequence of the 12 656 bp plasmid pFPTB1 from Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, which mediates resistance to tetracyclines and ampicillin, was determined. The plasmid was analysed for potential reading frames and structural features indicative of transposons and transposon relics. METHODS Plasmid pFPTB1 was transformed into Escherichia...

PURPOSE After total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer, pathology is standardized with margin status as a predictor for recurrence. This has yet to be implemented after transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) and was investigated prospectively for T1 rectal adenocarcinomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty patients after TEM were compared to 75 patients after TME. The study protocol inclu...

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for the investigation of the microstructure of materials, providing crystallographic information and composition at the nanometer scale. For such studies, samples should be transparent to the electron beam. In this review, TEM sample preparation techniques for different classes of materials, such as metals and alloys, multilayered coatin...

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery may be considered medically necessary for treatment of clinical T1 rectal adenocarcinomas than cannot be removed using other means of local excision and that meet all of the following criteria:  Located in the middle or upper part of the rectum  Well or moderately differentiated (G1 or G2)  Without lymphadenopathy or microscopic angiolymphatic invasion  Les...