Single crystals of poly[μ4-tartrato-κ(6) O (1),O (3):O (1'):O (2),O (4):O (4')-lead], [Pb(C4H4O6)] n , were grown in a gel medium. In comparison with the previous structure determination of this compound from laboratory powder X-ray diffraction data [De Ridder et al. (2002 ▶). Acta Cryst. C58, m596-m598], the redetermination on the basis of single-crystal data reveals the absolute structure, al...

Nicotine was reported to reduce the plaque burden and could be used as a possible anti-Alzheimer's disease agent. However, the effect of nicotine on memory and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease has been less studied. The present study investigated the effect of nicotine on tau phosphorylation and cognitive impairment induced by hippocampus injections of amyloid-beta (Abeta) 25-35. Rats were ...

Recent reviews highlight a longstanding controversy about how different taste qualities are coded in the CNS. To address this issue, we have analyzed gustatory coding in the relatively simple and accessible nervous system of the locust, in which neural responses and gustatory elicited behavior are readily comparable. The intracellular responses of a population of spiking local interneurons in t...

Enantioselective syntheses from dimethyl tartrate of 1,3,5-triazine homo-N-nucleoside analogs, containing a 1,4-dioxane moiety replacing the sugar unit in natural nucleosides, were accomplished. The triazine heterocycle in the nucleoside analogs was further substituted with combinations of NH(2), OH and Cl in the 2,4-triazine positions.

High chemical yields and good enantiomeric excesses are obtained by using soluble polymer-supported tartrate ester in the epoxidation of trans-hex-2-en-1-ol using Ti(OPri)4/tert-butyl hydroperoxide.

Propionic acid was one of the early products observed as resulting from bacterial action. Kearly 70 years ago (1854) Strecker (I) reported it as resulting from a fermentation of mannitol which he had studied, while Pasteur (2) also found propionic acid as one of the products formed in the fermentation of calcium tartrate. As these early observations were not made upon pure cultures, it is impos...

One of the challenges in proteomics is the proteome's complexity, which necessitates the fractionation of proteins prior to the mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Despite recent advances in top-down proteomics, separation of intact proteins remains challenging. Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) appears to be a promising method that provides high-resolution separation of intact proteins...

RATIONALE Smoking cessation interventions in outpatient settings have been demonstrated to be cost effective. Given this evidence, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of varenicline tartrate plus Quitline-counselling compared with Quitline-counselling alone when initiated in the inpatient setting. METHODS Adult patients (18-75 years) admitted with a smoking-related illness to three hospita...

In an earlier study of the effect of culture of excised tobacco leaves in darkness in solutions of a number of common organic acids (1)) it was noted that the behavior of the malic and citric acids in leaves cultured in (+)tartrate differed little if at all from that observed in the control samples cultured in solutions of inorganic salts. However, the so called “unknown acid” fraction, i.e. th...

There is much evidence that endogenous opioid peptides are involved in the regulation of food and water intake in a variety of species. We report here that the exogenous opiate agonist, butorphanol tartrate (1 microgram/kg), significantly increases food, but not water, intake in normal humans. The major effect on food intake was seen within the first 2 h after the administration of drug. These ...