OBJECTIVES The growing resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to conventional antimicrobial agents necessitates the development of alternative approaches to preventing and treating infections. One such approach is photodynamic therapy, whereby target cells are treated with light-activated drugs (photosensitizers). This investigation aimed to determine whether the abili...

Basic relation between numerical range and Davis-Wielandt shell of an operator $A$ acting on a Hilbert space with orthonormal basis $xi={e_{i}|i in I}$ and its conjugate $bar{A}$ which is introduced in this paper are obtained. The results are used to study the relation between point spectrum, approximate spectrum and residual spectrum of $A$ and $bar{A}$. A necessary and sufficient condition fo...

Mercuric ions are highly reactive and form a variety of organic complexes or conjugates in vivo. The renal proximal tubule is a primary target for mercury uptake and toxicity, and circumstantial evidence implicates organic anion transporters in these processes. To test this hypothesis directly, the transport and toxicity of mercuric-thiol conjugates were characterized in a Madin-Darby canine ki...

elisa data is usually handled in the ms excel worksheets through different methods and different formulas. accurate and precise calculations of the data is time consuming and tedious. elisa analyzer was developed with a user friendly interface to streamline titration and analysis of the data obtained from elisa and improve rapid and lucid presentation of the results. the software can also help ...

The efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) as an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent highly depends on its blood circulation half-life. In our previous study, different conjugates of MTX (MTX-PEG) were synthesized, their physicochemical properties were investigated and MTX-PEG5000 was finally selected as optimum drug-conjugate for further investigations. In the current work, first the stability of MT...

Multivalent conjugation of folic acid has been employed to target cells overexpressing folate receptors. Such polymer conjugates have been previously demonstrated to have high avidity to folate binding protein. However, the lack of a monovalent folic acid-polymer material has prevented a full binding analysis of these conjugates, as multivalent binding mechanisms and polymer-mass mechanisms are...

Reversal of the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype is very important for chemotherapy success. In fact, the expression of the MDR1 gene-encoded P-glycoprotein (P-gp) actively expels antitumor agents such as daunomycin (DNM) out of the cells, resulting in drug resistance. We show that upon conjugation to triplex-forming oligonucleotides, it is possible to address DNM in resistant cells (MCF7-R ...

We recently identified a polyamide-chlorambucil conjugate, 1R-Chl, which alkylates and down-regulates transcription of the human histone H4c gene and inhibits the growth of several cancer cell lines in vitro and in a murine SW620 xenograft model, without apparent animal toxicity. In this study, we analyzed the effects of 1R-Chl in the chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 and identified a...

The development of selective anticancer vaccines that provide enhanced protection against tumor recurrence and metastasis has been the subject of intense research in the scientific community. The tumor-associated glycoprotein MUC1 represents a well-established target for cancer immunotherapy and has been used for the construction of various synthetic vaccine candidates. However, many of these v...