Work in theoretical linguistics and psycholinguistics suggests that human linguistic knowledge forms a continuum between individual lexical items and abstract syntactic representations, with most linguistic representations falling between the two extremes and taking the form of lexical items stored together with the syntactic/semantic contexts in which they frequently occur. Neuroimaging eviden...

Tree Substitution Grammar rules form a large and expressive class of features capable of representing syntactic and lexical patterns that provide evidence of an author’s native language. However, this class of features can be applied to any general constituent based model of grammar and previous work has done little to explore these options, relying primarily on the common Penn Treebank annotat...

Emotion classification within text has been attempted many times through lexical and implicit features. It remains to be seen if the extracted features from personal narratives can provide a base model for emotion classification. This paper explores the ability of traditional lexical and syntactic features used in previous emotion classification work toward personal narratives. The results are ...

. . . [T]he phonetic transcription is related by the rules of the phonological component to a string of formatives with labeled bracketing which represents the surface syntactic structure of the sentence. We will now examine in some detail the manner in which these formatives are represented in a linguistic description. Many of the formatives are lexical items, the “roots” or “stems” of traditi...

In this paper we compare three approaches to adverbial positioning using lexical, syntactic, semantic and sentence-level features. We find that: (a), oneand two-stage classificationbased approaches can achieve almost 86% accuracy in determining the absolute position of adverbials; (b) a classifier trained with only syntactic features gives performance close to that of a classifier trained with ...

This paper presents the first results on detecting informality, machine and human translations in the Finnish Internet Parsebank, a project developing a large-scale, web-based corpus with full morphological and syntactic analyses. The paper aims at classifying the Parsebank according to these criteria, as well as studying the linguistic characteristics of the classes. The features used include ...

Exploiting Linguistic Knowledge in Lexical and Compositional Semantic Models Tong Wang Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Computer Science University of Toronto 2016 A fundamental principle in distributional semantic models is to use similarity in linguistic environment as a proxy for similarity in meaning. Known as the distributional hypothesis, the principle has been successfully app...

In this paper, we propose a partially lexicalized parsing model utilizing rich features to improve the parsing ability and reduce the parsing cost. In order to disambiguate parse trees effectively, it employs several useful features such as a syntactic label feature, a content feature, a functional feature, and a size feature. Besides, it is partially lexicalized so as to reduce the parsing cos...

A reading difficulty measure can be described as a function or model that maps a text to a numerical value corresponding to a difficulty or grade level. We describe a measure of readability that uses a combination of lexical features and grammatical features that are derived from subtrees of syntactic parses. We also tested statistical models for nominal, ordinal, and interval scales of measure...