Like all other cnidarian medusae, box jellyfish propel themselves through the water by contracting their bell-shaped body in discrete swim pulses. These pulses are controlled by a swim pacemaker system situated in their sensory structures, the rhopalia. Each medusa has four rhopalia each with a similar set of six eyes of four morphologically different types. We have examined how each of the fou...

Flavone, dextrose and long swim stress exhibited antinociception. Degree of antinociception was greater with long swim stress as compared to flavone or dextrose. Combination of these treatments resulted in potentiation of antinociception. Naloxone (opioid antagonist; 5 mg/kg i.p.) antagonised flavone or long stress induced antinociception showing opioid medicated mechanism, however, failed to r...

The impact of cancer therapies on adult cardiac function is becoming a concern as more children survive their initial cancer. Cardiovascular disease is now a significant problem to adult survivors of childhood cancer. Specifically, doxorubicin (DOX) may be particularly harmful in young girls. The objective of this study was to characterize DOX damage and determine the ability of dexrazoxane (DE...

Inbred mouse lines selectively bred for divergent levels of swim induced analgesia were differed in the ability to escape electric footshock. Mice displaying a high analgesia on a hot plate, after swimming for 3 min at 20 degrees centigrade terminated electric current applied at ascending intensity to the grid floor at a higher value compared to the low analgesia line. The difference was partic...

This paper reports on the development of the Smart Workkow for isr Management (swim) system which has been designed to enable complex systems, business and software, to be controlled within the workkow management paradigm. The system exploits recent advances within the ai community in reac-tive control, scheduling and continuous execution. swim extends the workkow paradigm to respond to the dyn...

The effect of 90 minute supine restraint or forced swim stress, on weights of various organs in sixty adult male albino rats was studied. One group of twenty rats served as control; second group of twenty was immobilized and third group of twenty was forced to swim in water at room temperature. The animals were studied for a period of 15 days. During this period, they were subjected to 90 minut...

Wylegala J, Schafer-Owczarzak M, Pendergast DR. Optimization of fin-swim training for SCUBA Divers. Undersea Hyperb Med 2007; 34(6):431-438. Underwater swimming is a unique exercise and its fitness is not accomplished by other types of training. This study compared high intensity intermittent fin-swim training (HIIT) with moderate intensity continuous (MICT). Divers (n = 20; age = 23 ± 4 yrs; w...

Ultraendurance open water swimming presents unique physiological challenges. This case study aimed to describe cardiovascular and perceptual responses during a successful solo channel swim. Investigators followed a female swimmer's Catalina Channel (32.2 km) crossing, monitoring water temperature (T(water)) and air temperature (T(air)), distance remaining (DR), average velocity, and heart rate ...

Background: Carnitine is an essential cofactor for the enzymes transporting long chain fatty acids across mitochondrial membranes for beta oxidation and also modulates the intra-mitochondrial acylCoA/CoA ratio. This study was conducted to determine the effect of levo-carnitine on endurance capacity, skeletal muscle fatigue characteristics and glycogen stores in diabetic rats. Methods: This labo...

Affective disorders are more common in women. The forced swim test acts like a depressive stimulus. Hippocampus and frontal cortex 5-HT1A receptors of female and male Wistar rats subjected to the forced swim test were compared with a sham group. The forced swim test diminishes (P<0.05) the hippocampus 3H-8OH-DPAT bound in the female rats (184+/-16 fmol/mg protein) with respect to the male rats ...