We examine the spin-wave (SW) dynamics of Dy/Y multilayers in order to separate the contribution of the Dy-Y interface from that of bulk Dy. The SW frequencies and intensities of bulk Dy are determined analytically. When the Dy layers in a multilayer geometry are decoupled, the SW dispersion relations are discontinuous with discrete excitations. With a Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) inter...

Rainer Faller recounted an example of a 32-bit processor, intended to be used for some critical operations, in which a “Debug/Maintenance” mode had been built in to the critical software (henceforth SW). In this mode, various safety functions were inoperational, and indeed in response to “normal” inputs the SW could engage in behavior which was dangerous on the system level. This D/M mode was n...

The Shalvi–Weinstein (SW) criterion has become popular in the design of blind linear estimators of i.i.d. processes transmitted through unknown linear channels in the presence of unknown additive interference. Here, we analyze SW estimators in a general multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) setting that allows near-arbitrary source/interference distributions and noisy noninvertible channels. Th...

[1] We investigate experimentally the functional relationship between capillary pressure, Pc, wetting phase saturation, Sw, and interfacial area per volume between the wetting and nonwetting phases, awn, for drainage and imbibition processes in micromodels of twodimensional pore structures. Within the experimental and analysis error (around 10–15%), the resulting Pc-Sw-awn surfaces were the sam...

A previously published hydrothermal brine-river water mixing model driven by ocean crust production suggests that the molar Mg/Ca ratio of seawater (mMg/Ca(sw)) has varied significantly (approximately 1.0-5.2) over Precambrian time, resulting in six intervals of aragonite-favouring seas (mMg/Ca(sw) > 2) and five intervals of calcite-favouring seas (mMg/Ca(sw) < 2) since the Late Archaean. To ev...

Introduction: A major objective of GENESIS is to constrain the present day solar wind (SW) Ar, Kr, and Xe isotopic and elemental compositions by direct measurements of SW irradiated artificial samples [1]. Due to the low abundances of heavy noble gases in the SW, until now these compositions could only be inferred from regolith samples which were irradiated by the SW over large time spans [e.g....

The Indian–French Megha-Tropiques mission, scheduled to be launched in 2010, will carry radiation and microwave sensors to study the energy and water cycle in the tropics. The radiation sensor, the third model of the Scanner for Radiation Budget (ScaRaB-3), is dedicated to the earth’s radiation budget, the difference between the solar absorbed flux and the terrestrial emitted flux. These fluxes...

Geoff Potvin and Zahra Hazari STEM Transformation Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, USA Department of Physics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, USA Department of Teaching & Learning, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, USA (Received 7 February 2015; publishe...

Brain recovery after prolonged wakefulness is characterized by increased density, amplitude and slope of slow waves (SW, <4 Hz) during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. These SW comprise a negative phase, during which cortical neurons are mostly silent, and a positive phase, in which most neurons fire intensively. Previous work showed, using EEG spectral analysis as an index of cortical sync...

The present work clarifies the relation between domains of universal machines and r.e. prefix-free supersets of such sets. One such characterisation can be obtained in terms of the spectrum function sW (n) mapping n to the number of all strings of length n in the set W . An r.e. prefix-free set W is the superset of the domain of a universal machine iff there are two constants c, d such that sW ...