The medical records of 2 Thoroughbred horses that developed headshaking after blunt trauma to the occipital region are reviewed. The history, signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic methods, diagnosis and treatment were recorded in each case. Both horses displayed headshaking, while one horse repeatedly lifted its upper lip and pawed excessively at the ground. In both horses, diagnostic imaging ...

Two important functions of testis are production of spermatozoa and synthesis of steroids. These functions depend on anatomical, hormonal and constitutional homeostasis and begin during the first stage of gestation. Cryptorchidism can be defined as an abnormal localization of one or both testes. It’s the failure of one or both testes descent into the scrotal sac. The third trimester in humans i...

INTRODUCTION Overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms (urge, frequency, nocturia) are not generally considered surgically curable by learning institutions. The Integral Theory hypothesizes that OAB is a prematurely activated, but normal micturition reflex caused by loose suspensory ligaments and potentially curable surgically by repairing such ligaments. To test this hypothesis by surgical repair of l...

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are an unfortunate and devastating injury in the athletic patient. Surgical reconstruction of the ACL with a taut graft construct is necessary to restore knee stability and help expedite the patient's return to an active lifestyle. Arthroscopy-assisted ACL reconstruction can be a technically involved procedure, where strong fixation limits graft motion to ...