Urban development can produce great impacts on local hydrology reducing infiltration and evapotranspiration, and increasing direct runoff volumes. Runoff control practices are implemented at local scales to control flow discharges and preserve the hydrological cycle. These techniques usually have green infrastructure therefore the application in semiarid and Mediterranean regions requires accou...

land surface parameterization schemes are one of the most important components in gcm and nwp models. these schemes calculate the exchanges of momentum, mass and energy between land surface and the atmosphere. runoff is one of the important components in the water cycle of the land surface scheme whose parameterization is difficult because of complexity in the processes governing the runoff gen...

This study examined the effectiveness of open-joint inter-locking pavers in a permeable pavement in cold (winter) conditions. A field-scale inter-locking paver cell (UNI Eco-Optiloc) was built to evaluate the hydraulic performance and water quality improvements experienced during freeze-thaw and frozen conditions in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Hydraulic performance was assessed using stormwater r...

Landform, drainage pattern, slope, soil, vegetation and land use/land cover, all of which control surface runoff and peak flow, can be evaluated and mapped reliably and reasonably through Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) false colour composites of the post-monsoon season. Runoff curve numbers (CAO determined from those data predicted the runoff depth and peak flow with a coefficient of determinatio...

Both vegetation coverage rates and arrangement patterns have important influences on erosion. Very little previous research focuses the impacts of spatial distribution The slope-gully system was taken as object, which is composed a 5.0 m long hillslope with slope gradient 20° 3.0 gully 50°. A series scouring experiments two inflow discharges (3.2 L min−1, 5.2 min−1) carried out. effects flow di...

Poultry litter provides a rich source of nutrients for perennial forages, but the usual practice of surface-applying litter to pastures can degrade water quality by allowing nutrients to be transported from fields in surface runoff, while much of the NH4-N volatilizes. Incorporating litter into the soil can minimize such problems in tilled systems, but has not been used for perennial forage sys...

Blanket peat covers the headwaters of many major European rivers. Runoff production in upland blanket peat catchments is flashy with large flood peaks and short lag times; there is minimal baseflow. Little is known about the exact processes of infiltration and runoff generation within these upland headwaters. This paper presents results from a set of rainfall simulation experiments performed on...

The effect of soil surface roughness on runoff and sediment production is an area not yet fully quantified. Current erosion prediction models, such as the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, predicts a reduced erosion from an increased soil roughness, without considering the functionality associated with different roughness forms. In this research, we used a mechanistic approach in which soil...

Accurate measurement of the amount and timing of surface runoff at multiple scales is needed to understand fundamental hydrological processes. At the plot scale (i.e., length scales on the order of 1–10 m) current methods for direct measurement of runoff either store the water in a collection vessel, which is not conducive to long-term monitoring studies, or utilize expensive installations such...