Geostationary satellites provide information that enables frequent, routine and cost-effective estimates of both downwelling longwave radiation and incident solar radiation for use by agricultural and other applications, at a resolution that cannot be practically matched by ground-based measurements. We develop a new parameterization for downwelling longwave radiation at the earth’s surface tha...

The time-domain characteristics of terahertz radiations emitted from a biased largeaperture photoconductive antenna trigged by an ultra-short optical pulse are studied. Succinct explicit expressions in the surface field and in the far field for the emitted THz radiation fields are deduced based on the well-known current-surge model. The expressions indicate that the THz radiations in the surfac...

The radiation of an electric dipole emitter can be drastically enhanced if the emitter is placed in the nano-gap of a metallic dipole antenna. By assuming that only surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are excited on the antenna, we build up an intuitive pure-SPP model that is able to comprehensively predict the electromagnetic features of the antenna radiation, such as the total or radiative emis...

Background: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is an indispensable tool for diagnosing infertility in females. The procedure exposes female reproductive organs to ionizing radiation as the genitals are irradiated during the process. Investigating patient absorbed dose during the procedures is essential for effective radiological protection of the patient. Objective: This study aims to investigat...

NASA’s exploration goals are focused on deep space travel and Mars surface operations. To accomplish these goals, large structures will be necessary to transport crew and logistics in the initial stages, and NASA will need to keep the crew and the vehicle safe during transport and any surface activities. One of the major challenges of deep space travel is the space radiation environment and its...

We consider the bremsstrahlung surface photon emissivity of strange quark stars, by sistematically taking into account the effects of the multiple scatterings of the highly relativistic quarks in a dense medium (the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect). Due to interference between amplitudes of nearby interactions the bremsstrahlung emissivity from strange star surface is suppressed for frequencie...

A numerical analysis used to simulate the effects of wavy surfaces and thermal radiation on natural convection heat transfer boundary layer flow over an inclined wavy plate has been investigated. A simple coordinate transformation is employed to transform the complex wavy surface into a flat plate. The boundary layer equations and the boundary conditions are discretized by the finite difference...

The surface albedo is the ratio between the upward irradiance, reflected from the ground, and the downward irradiance. It is an important parameter in the climate system, since it determines to a large extent the Earth radiation budget. The ground albedo often refers to the average reflectivity over the whole wavelength range of solar radiation. Investigation of the surface influence on radiati...

This study used a mid-latitude measurement of diurnal variations in the boundary layer to simulate thermal radiation for a clear sky. The emissivity growth method was used for the absorption by the five major greenhouse gases averaged over 10 cm -• from line by line calculations. The vertical resolution of the model was 0.6 mb at the ground surface, and gradually increases to 100 mb in the midd...