[2] The impedance boundary condition [Senior and Volakis, 1995] is a convenient tool for simulating the material properties of a surface. For most materials the surface impedance is a scalar, but there are materials whose properties are anisotropic for which a tensor impedance is required. The simplest cases are those for which the tensors are diagonal but recent work with metamaterials has mad...

Low impedance at the interface between tissue and conducting electrodes is of utmost importance for the electrical recording or stimulation of heart and brain tissue. A common way to improve the cell-metal interface and thus the signal-to-noise ratio of recordings, as well as the charge transfer for stimulation applications, is to increase the electrochemically active electrode surface area. In...

The analysis of perovskite solar cells by impedance spectroscopy has provided a rich variety of behaviors that demand adequate interpretation. Two main features have been reported: First, different impedance spectral arcs vary in combination; second, inductive loops and negative capacitance characteristics appear as an intrinsic property of the current configuration of perovskite solar cells. H...

Implantable electrodes with high flexibility, high mechanical fixation and low electrochemical impedance are desirable for neuromuscular activation because they provide safe, effective and stable stimulation. In this paper, we report on detailed materials and electrical analyses of three metal implantable electrodes - gold (Au), platinum (Pt) and titanium (Ti) - using X-ray photoelectron spectr...

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a imaging technique that attempts to reconstruct the impedance distribution inside an object from the impedance between electrodes placed at the object’s surface. The EIT reconstruction problem can be approached as a non-linear non-convex optimization problem where one tries to maximize the matching between a simulated impedance problem and the observed ...

In order to develop a robust biosensor based on quartz crystal microbalance technique for antigen detection, a control of the steps of the surface functionalization has been performed by impedance spectroscopy. The gold electrode is functionalized with the self-assembled monolayer technique. The high insulating properties of the acidic thiol monolayer has been characterized with cyclic voltamme...

Generalised Impedance P. ZOLTOWSKI and B. LEGAWIEC, J. Electroanal. Chem., 2004, 572, (2), 205–210 Transport of H in elastic metals has been analysed in terms of an impedance-like non-linear transfer function (TF). The equilibrium in a membrane was perturbed by application of a sinusoidal signal of concentrations of H, of large amplitude, to a surface. The fundamental harmonics of periodically ...

Second harmonic ac impedance and differential photocurrent techniques are employed to monitor, in situ, the surface states on n-MoSes electrodes in aqueous solutions containing the Fe(CN)6 s-/4couple. These two techniques are qualitatively more sensitive to the presence of surface states on single-crystal n-MoSes than first harmonic ac techniques. Surface states on this semiconductor electrode ...

Microstructure and corrosion performance of admiralty brass (ADB) and aluminum brass (ALB) alloys after passing different annealing heat treatments were investigated using optical and scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), DC polarization measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that heat tre...

The approximate analytical solution of the integral equation concerning the current in a thin straight vibrator with complex surface impedance has been obtained. The vibrator is located in unlimited space and is excited in an arbitrary point along its length. The calculations have been made and the plots of electrodynamic characteristics of the vibrator, depending of the value and the type of i...