abstract land surface hydrological models has importance in the determination of soil moisture and temperature, the rate of evapotranspiration, stream flow by emphasis on the land surface physical and dynamic process descriptions. in this research, vic land surface hydrological model has been used for the land surface temperature and stream flow determination. the vic runoff simulation in each ...

Many meshes in computer animation practice are meant to approximate solid objects, but the provided triangular geometry is often unoriented, non-manifold or contains self-intersections, causing inside/outside of objects to be mathematically ill-defined. We describe a robust and efficient automatic approach to define and compute a signed distance field for arbitrary triangular geometry. Starting...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between coil-cortex distance and effective cortical stimulation using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the left and right motor cortex. We also compare the effect of coil-cortex distance using 50 and 70 mm figure-eight stimulating coils. METHODS Coil-cortex distance was manipulated within each participant using 5 and 10 mm acrylic separators pla...

Distance field is a flexible surface representation used in many applications. We study the algorithms for direct rendering of distance field surfaces representation via ray tracing in interactive frame rates. To accelerate the ray tracing we represent the distance fields by sparse block grid data structure. We compare the visual quality and the computation time for different methods of ray-sur...

It is appreciated that the surface enhanced Raman signal falls away rapidly from the substrate surface that provides the dominant electromagnetic enhancement. As many bio-molecules of interest are large, it is important to establish for any practical surface the usable distance from the surface at which molecules can still be detected. Using monolayer ssDNA arrays with three adenine bases close...

If X is a convex surface in a Euclidean space, then the squared intrinsic distance function dist(x, y) is DC (d.c., delta-convex) on X×X in the only natural extrinsic sense. An analogous result holds for the squared distance function dist(x,F ) from a closed set F ⊂ X. Applications concerning r-boundaries (distance spheres) and ambiguous loci (exoskeletons) of closed subsets of a convex surface...