OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of increasing the dentin conditioning time with self-etching primers of different aggressiveness (pH) on the microtensile bond strength (muTBS) of three resin cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre-cured composite blocks were cemented with M-Bond, Bistite II DC, or Panavia F to flat occlusal dentin surfaces of human third molars, which were conditioned with M-Bon...

Sludge dewatering can effectively reduce the volume and mass of sludge for subsequent treatment and disposal. The work validated the potential of Fenton's reagent combined with dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) in improving sludge dewaterability and proposed the mechanism of joint conditioning. The composite conditioner dosage was optimized using response surface methodology. Re...

This research was designed to study sexual differences in place conditioning induced by morphine in offspring born of female Wistar rats mated with drug-naïve males. Mothers were exposed to morphine during the 14th-16th days of gestational. Control dams were simply saline-injected. Female and male virgin offspring born of morphine-treated or saline-treated mothers were separately housed until b...

the purpose of the present study was to determine the role of medial prefrontal cortex (mpfc) dopaminergic system in fear conditioning response considering individual differences. animals were initially counterbalanced and classified based on open field test, and then were given a single infusion of the dopamine agonist, amphetamine (amph) and antagonist, clozapine (clz) into the medial prefron...

Mammalian associative learning is organized into separate anatomically defined functional systems. We illustrate the organization of two of these systems, Pavlovian fear conditioning and Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning, by describing studies using mutant mice, brain stimulation and recording, brain lesions and direct pharmacological manipulations of specific brain regions. The amygdala serves a...

Due to growing cooling demands as well emerging global warming and climate change issues, systems should be more efficiently utilized. Boiling is an effective heat transfer mechanism, which has a critical role in many systems. Surface modification considered the major approach for boiling enhancement. In this study, we developed microbial bio-coating surface technique phase applications. Thermo...

Adsorption of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in competition with other substances is a key to explain the relationship between substratum surface hydrophobicity and mammalian cell adhesion: when polystyrene substrata were exposed simultaneously to ECM protein and a PEO-PPO-PEO polymer surfactant (Pluronic F68), either by pre-conditioning or through protein cell secretion, a weaker substrat...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength, the adhesive remnant index scores, and etch surface of teeth prepared for orthodontic bracket bonding with self-etching primer and Er:YAG laser conditioning. One hundred and twenty bovine incisors were randomly divided into four groups. In Group I (Control), the teeth were conditioned with 35% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds. In ...