Observations of hummingbirds feeding at flowers longer or shorter than their bills seem to contradict the view that bill lengths of hummingbirds evolved in concert with the lengths of their flowers. Recent experiments, however, indicate that a hummingbird’s ability to feed at artificial flowers of different lengths depends on the widths of the flowers. We examined if the broad range of flower l...

The low-temperature flowering-response pathway, used as an inductive stimulus to induce flowering in plant species from temperate regions in response to cold temperature, has been extensively studied. However, limited information is available on the flower transition of several bulbous species, which require high temperature for flower differentiation. Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis (Chinese ...

The present experiment entitled, “Impact of different drying methods and desiccants on storage quality annual chrysanthemum gerbera” was carried out at the laboratory Floriculture Landscape Architecture, Department Horticulture, College Agriculture, JAU, Junagadh during year 2019-2020 to know impact gerbera. laid in completely randomized design with factorial concept two factors i.e. viz. sun s...

Recently, consumers have become more concerned with foods contain natural ingredients in terms of health and economic. Hence, in this study the effect of concentrate of smoked and sun dried raisin at 3 levels (1, 3 and 5%) as a natural humectant to improve the quality and shelf life of flat bread were investigated. Results showed that addition of smoked and sun dried raisin improved quality and...

Endogenous indoleacetic acid (IAA) levels of Euphorbia esula L. primary root and root buds were examined at three phenologic stages. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, using (13)C(6)[benzene ring]-indole-3-acetic acid as internal standard, were used to measure root bud free and bound IAA levels in vegetative, full...

Flower constellations are a particular set of satellite constellations where every satellite covers the same repeating space track. When the flower constellations are visualized on an Earth centred earth fixed reference frame, the relative orbits shows flower-shaped figures centered on the Earth. In this paper the shape and the position of a particular flower constellations has been designed fo...

Several species of flower thrips, including the Florida flower thrips {Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan)}, Western flower thrips {F. occidentalis (Pergande)}, Eastern flower thrips {F. tritici (Fitch)}, and Scritothrips ruthveni Shull, have recently become known as pests of cultivated blueberries (Spiers et al. 2004). The three Franklinella species are pests of both rabbiteye and southern highbu...

The quantification of floral shape variations is difficult because flower structures are both diverse and complex. Traditionally, floral shape variations are quantified using the qualitative and linear measurements of two-dimensional (2D) images. The 2D images cannot adequately describe flower structures, and thus lead to unsatisfactory discrimination of the flower shape. This study aimed to ac...