Patch-clamp recordings of single-channel activity are measurements of the current flowing through an ion channel over time. These recordings are distinctive, because they generally show sudden transitions between two welldefined levels of current flow. The two levels of current flow are normally interpreted as representing closed and open states of an ion channel. The transitions appear to be s...

Computational fluid dynamics is implemented to investigate the influence of the wheel contact patch on the global car aerodynamics. Two main aspects of the problem are the contact step and patch shape. Three important parameters: step height, cut angle, and tire tread shape are taken into consideration. For validations of the numerical results, the experimental data are also considered. The obt...

Introduction: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is an important otological emergency. Up to 90% of the cases are idiopathic. Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an extremely rare identifiable cause as it only represents 0.5% of all strokes.   Case Report: In this paper, an unusual case of bilateral SSNHL secondary to bilateral CVT with rapid and complete recovery is reported. The patie...

Plants exhibit morphological plasticity in response to changes the proportion of far-red radiation (FR). However, little is known about a sudden increase FR component. Cucumber seedlings were acclimatized without (FR-) for 1 - 5 d after germination, and then transferred containing (FR+) at levels similar those natural sunlight. Other FR- or FR+, which was maintained continuously. The damaged co...

At low Reynolds numbers, the flow through a pipe with sudden expansion is characterized by localized occurrence of instabilities, formation so-called turbulence puff. In literature, physical experiments typically predict earlier than computational fluid dynamics simulations. However, behaviour ‘natural’ transition to without perturbations, and dependence on are not yet fully understood, particu...