FexNi100-x thin films were deposited on conductive (Cu) and non-conductive (Pd activated glass) substrate using an electroless, polyol method. The stoichiometry of film composition, as compared to the precursor concentration, strongly depended on the substrate position. When the substrate was immersed in the refluxing solution, Fe-deficient films were deposited. However Fe-rich films were synth...

BACKGROUND Biobutanol production is still not economically competitive because of some principal drawbacks including high cost in feedstock consumption, low butanol concentration in the fermentation broth caused by severe product inhibition. An alternative fermentation mode is becoming an urgent requirement to solve these problems. Biobutanol production by absorbent fermentation with a renewabl...

A basic difference was found in the kinetics of uptake and utilization of glucose and glycerol by washed suspensions of Mycobacterium phlei. With glucose, the rates of uptake, respiration, and assimilation were saturated at low external substrate concentration. With glycerol, these rates were found to increase with increasing substrate concentration and did not show saturation at any concentrat...

Enzymatic saccharification (Hydrolysis) is one of the technologies to hydrolyze lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, Bangladeshi bagasse is used as feedstock for enzymatic saccharification and ethanol fermentation. Cutter mill and Mechano-chemical treatment (Ball mill) are used for pretreatment. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of substrate concentration, pretrea...

To optimize the enzymatic conversion of widely available lignocellulosic biomass-wheat straw (WS), pretreatment facilitating the enzymatic saccharification process was first performed by alkaline peroxide, resulting in a substrate consisting of 60.17% cellulose, 29.53% hemicelluloses, and 4.59% lignin. Using response surface methodology, the combined effects of enzyme loading, substrate concent...

A homogenous TiO2 / multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) composite film were prepared by electrophoretic co-deposition from organic suspension on a stainless steel substrate.  In this study, MWCNTs was incorporated to the coating because of their long structure and their capability to be functionalized by different inorganic groups on the surface. FTIR spectroscopy showed the existence of...

Zinc oxide thin films were deposited on soda-lime glass substrates from an aqueous zinccontaining complex by two-stage chemical deposition (TSCD) method. Longmuir adsorption model showed that the adsorption of atoms on the surface of the substrate was typically physical. The relation between the fractional coverage, θ, with the equilibrium constant of the adsorption reaction was nonlinear indic...

We develop a theory of enzyme catalysis within biological cells where the substrate concentration [S](t) is time dependent, in contrast to the Michaelis-Menten theory that assumes a steady state. We find that the time varying concentration can combine, in a non-linear way, with the ruggedness of the free energy landscape of enzymes (discovered both in single molecule studies and in simulations)...

Marine luciferases are increasingly used as reporters to study gene regulation. These luciferases have utility in bioluminescent assay development, although little has been reported on their catalytic properties in response to substrate concentration. Here, we report that the two marine luciferases from the copepods, Gaussia princeps (GLuc) and Metridia longa (MLuc) were found, surprisingly, to...

a lab-scale cross flow membrane bioreactor (cf-mbr) was operated to determine the biokinetic coefficients under mlss concentrations of 5000 and 3000 mg/l. the investigation showed that the yield (y), the endogenous decay coefficient (kd), the maximum specific growth rate (μm) and the saturation constant (ks) were 0.276 mg/mg, 0.07 /day, 0.653 /day, and 396.62 mg cod/l respectively for mlss 500...