The meaning of conditional sentences bears an intrinsic relation to a number of central philosophical problems, like the nature of reasoning, the possibility of knowledge, and the status of laws of nature. This has incited philosophers to spend a lot of time working on conditionals and to fill countless bookshelves with inspiring and sophisticated theories on their meaning. However, the overall...

Both Lowe and Tsai have presented their own versions of the theory that both indicative subjunctive conditionals are strict conditionals. We critically discuss we find each version wanting.

Conditional statements, including subjunctive and counterfactual conditionals, are the source of many enduring challenges in formal reasoning. The language of probability can distinguish among several different kinds of conditionals, thereby strengthening our methods of analysis. Here we shall use probability to define four principal types of conditional statements: SUBJUNCTIVE, MATERIAL, EXIST...

Extensive research has shown that second language (L2) learners find it difficult to apply grammatical knowledge during real-time processing, especially when differences exist between the first (L1) and L2. The current study examines extent which British English-speaking of French can their subjunctive whether this ability is modulated by properties L1 grammar, and/or proficiency. Data from an ...

As psychoanalysts we have grown used to thinking of our patient’s problems as rooted in past relationships and attachment patterns. We try focus on the conflictual traumatic events formative years relate them current difficulties that bring into treatment with us. However, where severe or recurrent trauma has led a sense dread hopelessness regard future, also confront death desire complex inter...

Abstract This essay explores the secular imaginary of contemporary elegy, with a focus on writers in U.S. Comparing recent poems by Natasha Trethewey, Danez Smith, Sam Sax, primarily, I examine variations figure apostrophe addressed to dead as imaginative critiques hope. These poets use precarious forms explore conceptual impasse posthumous personhood social world. Their writing disperses this ...

In this article I address the use of optative (appearing alone or in contrast with subjunctive indicative) Iliad 2,1-493 (the part before Catalogue Ships starts). This book describes Agamemnon's (failed) attempts to rouse army and Odysseus' intervention restore damage caused by blunder(s). these lines there are about 110 forms, they provide a small but reliable corpus instances different constr...