This paper deals with the design and optimization of mesh-based power/ground network for cell-based VLSIs with macro cells. These macro cells absorb a lot of current, furthermore, the current that each pin of the macro cell absorbs is not known, which introduces a new problem to the design of power routing. This problem hasn’t been discussed so far. In this paper, a new algorithm is presented t...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com that cause congestion of the splenic circulation by abnormal cells, or thromboembolic conditions that produce obstruction of larger vessels. Splenic infarction of endovascular origin occurs when the splenic artery or one or more of its sub-branches become occluded with an infected or bland embolus or clot [2]. Streptococcus anginosus group is widely...

The paper considers the vexing issues of the homeland and dispersal of the Austroasiatic languages. A critical analysis finds little firm support for nested sub-groupings among a dozen recognised branches, while lexical analyses suggest a long-term pattern of contact and convergence within mainland Southeast Asia. These facts are interpreted as consistent with a stable long-term presence in Ind...

We chemically characterize the symmetries underlying the exact solutions of a stochastic negatively self-regulating gene. The breaking of symmetry at low molecular number causes three effects. Average protein number differs from the deterministically expected value. Bimodal probability distributions appear as the protein number becomes a readout of the ON/OFF state of the gene. Two branches of ...

We report on strong coupling between surface-plasmon polaritons (SPP) and Rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules, with double vacuum Rabi splitting energies up to 230 and 110 meV. In addition, we demonstrate the emission of all three energy branches of the strongly coupled SPP-exciton hybrid system, revealing features of system dynamics that are not visible in conventional reflectometry. Finally, in anal...

We investigate rules that govern neuronal arborization, speci%cally the local geometry of the bifurcation of a neurite into its sub-branches. In the present study we set out to determine the relationship between branch diameter and angle. Existing theories are based on minimizing a neuronal volume cost function, or, alternatively, on the equilibrium of mechanical tension forces, which depend on...

For more than 40 years now, the developing kidney has served as a model paradigm for epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. The principles of inductive signaling, epithelial cell differentiation, and pattern formation are now being addressed with modern genetic and biochemical tools. In addition to the mammalian kidney organ culture model, both zebrafish and Xenopus laevis demonstrate great poten...

The ammocoete of Lampetra planeri (Bloch) contains a single carotenoid, lutein, partly esjerified and partly in the free state. The pigment is distributed in lipophores in the sub-dermal tissues, and plays no part in the colour changes of'the animal. The epidermis of the tail contains numerous sensory cells of a type previously undescribed, which satisfy the requirements predicted for the photo...

• We assume that the mind can be simulated as a society of agents ([Min86]), each of which exists to accomplish a particular goal, which is achieved by the achievement of a set of subgoals. Note that there might be several decomposition strategies for a goal, that is, there may be several alternative such sets of sub-goals. Consider that the achievement of a goal can be written as an expression...