Essential hypertension is closely related to conditions with impaired glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia. To evaluate a possible interaction between the sympathetic nervous system and carbohydrate ingestion on the circulatory responses to psychosocial stress, we compared the hemodynamic effects of an oral glucose challenge with those observed after placebo in 10 glucose-tolerant, normotensi...

During antidiuresis with elevated vasopressin, urea accumulates in the renal medulla to very high concentrations, imposing considerable cellular stress. How local cells cope with urea stress is relevant to the whole kidney because the renal medulla is the major site of residence for the renal stem cells. Previous studies showed that renal cells were incapable of preconditioning in moderate urea...

[1] The majority of crustal faults host earthquakes when the ratio of average background shear stress b to effective normal stress eff is b/ eff 0.6. In contrast, mature plate-boundary faults like the San Andreas Fault (SAF) operate at b/ eff 0.2. Dynamic weakening, the dramatic reduction in frictional resistance at coseismic slip velocities that is commonly observed in laboratory experiments, ...

Background Consumption of tart cherry juice has been reported to increase subsequent resistance exercise performance by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress that cause secondary muscle damage following initial bouts of resistance exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine if consumption of a powdered form of tart cherries derived from tart cherry skins (CherryPURE Freeze Dried T...

The effects of the sympathetic activation elicited by a mental stress on insulin sensitivity and energy expenditure (VO(2)) were studied in 11 lean and 8 obese women during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Six lean women were restudied under nonselective beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol to determine the role of beta-adrenoceptors in the metabolic response to mental stress. In lean ...

Covering: 2000 to 2013. Oxidative stress is the central component of chronic diseases. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) pathway is vital in the up-regulation of cytoprotective genes and enzymes in response to oxidative stress and treatment with certain dietary phytochemicals. Herein, we classify bioactive compounds derived from natural prod...

Plants growing in their natural habitats are often challenged simultaneously by multiple stress factors, both abiotic and biotic. Research has so far been limited to responses to individual stresses, and understanding of adaptation to combinatorial stress is limited, but indicative of non-additive interactions. Omics data analysis and functional characterization of individual genes has revealed...