In recent years many novel applications have appeared that promote the provision of services and activities in a collaborative manner. The key idea behind such systems is to take advantage idle or underused capacities existing resources, order provide improved assist people their daily tasks, with additional functionality, enhanced efficiency, and/or reduced cost. Particularly domain urban tran...

1/ 1/ I am grateful to Mizanour Rahman Chowdhury, Association for Land Reform and Development, Dhaka, for giving me fresh insights into many complex land reform issues in Bangladesh and Krishna Ghimire, UNRISD, Geneva, for streamlining my thoughts in this chapter.

10 Streamlining Development of a Multimillion-Line Computational Chemistry Code robin M. Betz and ross C. walker Software engineering methodologies can be helpful in computational science and engineering projects. Here, a continuous integration software engineering strategy is applied to a multimillion-line molecular dynamics code; the implementation both streamlines the development and release...

Based on an analysis of several municipal e-participation experiences, and of the virtual environments used in these, this article covers key aspects to be considered when designing an electronic Internet-based system for participation at the municipal level, whose aim would be to enhance communication between public officials and citizens while streamlining municipal civic participation and co...