Principles of the design and administration of clinical stereopsis tests are outlined. Once the presence of the distinct sense of the third dimension by binocular vision alone and without help from monocular cues has been established in a patient, the examination can proceed to the measurement of stereoscopic acuity. Best results are obtained with high-contrast, sharp, well-articulated and uncr...

Citation: Xi J, Jia W-L, Feng L-X, Lu Z-L, Huang C-B. Perceptual learning improves stereoacuity in amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55:2384–2391. DOI:10.1167/ iovs.13-12627 PURPOSE. Amblyopia is a developmental disorder that results in both monocular and binocular deficits. Although traditional treatment in clinical practice (i.e., refractive correction, or occlusion by patching and p...

Humans visually perceive the world using a variety of depth cues. Stereopsis is an example of such a depth cue, and it is directly associated with the human binocular visual system. Different computer graphics approaches can be used to take advantage of stereopsis in order to enable a true 3D perception of virtual environments. In this report, we briefly review computer graphics hardware and so...

Three-dimensional visualization of a surgical wound in otorhinolaryngology allows more detailed assessment the anatomical features structure human ENT organs, thereby improving productivity surgeon. Thanks to created adapter for endoscopic tube, it was possible synchronize work surgeon's hands and distal end instruments used. Experimental clinical carried out on cadaver material animals humans....

Three experiments investigated whether and to what extent increases in age affect the functionality of stereopsis. The observers' ages ranged from 18 to 83 years. The overall goal was to challenge the older stereoscopic visual system by utilizing high magnitudes of binocular disparity, ambiguous binocular disparity [cf., Julesz, B., & Chang, J. (1976). Interaction between pools of binocular dis...

We report two experiments concerning the site of the principal nonlinearity in second-order stereopsis. The first exploits the asymmetry in perceiving transparency with second-order stimuli found by Langley et al. (1998) (Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 265, 1837-1845) i.e. the product of a positive-valued contrast envelope and a mean-zero carrier grating can be seen transparently...

The perceptual correlates of sensory cyclofusion have received little attention. However, they are easily elicited by asking patients with torsion about perceived slant of the visual world, and by watching how they hold the Titmus or Randot book. Sensory cyclofusion induces two types of perceptual aberrations. First, it rotates the plane of maximal stereoscopic volume in the pitch plane. As suc...

Binocular disparity provides the visual system with information concerning the three-dimensional layout of the environment. Recent physiological studies in the primary visual cortex provide a successful account of the mechanisms by which single neurons are able to signal disparity. This work also reveals that additional processing is required to make explicit the types of signal required for de...

Since the discovery of stereopsis in the 19 century the display of stereoscopic information has taken on a variety of forms. From the original Wheatstone stereoscope to the current technology of head-mounted displays and parallax barrier displays, the advantages of binocular vision have been exploited to produce a different kind of display experience. Designing optical systems that take advanta...