Steel surface defect detection is essentially one of pattern recognition problems. Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are known as one of the most proper classifiers in this application. In this paper, we introduce a more accurate classification method by using SVMs as our final classifier of the inspection system. In this scheme, multiclass classification task is performed based on the ”one-agains...

This paper presents three prototypical expert systems that were developed in different fields of the steel making industry. It is described which kind of knowledge has to be represented, what are the techniques required for intelligent reasoning, and why expert systems offer better solutions to the described problems than traditional programming approaches. From the given applications the main ...

The motivation for mergers in the credit union industry differs from the commercial bank industry due to the lack of residual claimants to benefit from wealth gains. In the cooperative ownership environment of credit unions, the owners/members gain utility via the rates offered for loans and deposits. Credit union regulators also gain utility when mergers remove risky credit unions from the ind...

Using a simple two-firm, two-period model, we analyze for a developing economy the process of ‘entrepreneurial entry,’ that is, entry by new firms into an industry that did not previously exist in that country, focusing on the choice between formal and informal status. Thus we explore issues such as how informality may enable an entrepreneur to test the profitability of an industry without incu...

This paper takes the neoclassical infant industry model, allows agents to respond to future expectations, and reveals previously unexplained relationships between protection and outcome. Policy, which projects to protect the industry until international competitiveness, may not necessarily succeed, consistent to the mixed empirical evaluations. To guarantee success, protection has to last longe...

FDI comes from different sources, with different levels of technology, different modes of transferring it and into different industries. The spillover effects of FDI may therefore differ. The paper attempts to study empirically the spillover effects of Japanese and U.S. FDI on the total factor productivity growth of the Indian firms, both at the firm and the industry level. The results show tha...

This study provides a systematic analysis of the VIP-room contractual system of Macau’s traditional casino industry. It examines the system’s historical background, its organizational structure, its operational mechanisms, and its role in Macau’s casino industry. This analysis examines the evolving and likely future changes in the VIP-room sector—as well as the mass market sector—caused by the ...

The article aimed at research of various scientific approaches to «marketing» concept essence defining, defines the main functions and specific characteristics marketing activity. factors influence on activities organization tourism enterprise have been determined in view product complex nature interdisciplinary nature. impact external internal that prevent effective development industry realiz...

This study examines the influence of country and industry factors on the cross-sectional variance and correlation structure of returns. I use new data on emerging markets’ stocks obtained from the Emerging Markets Data Base. I find that emerging markets’ returns are mainly driven by country factors, as it was shown previously in studies for mature markets, and that cross-market correlation is n...

While most research on hedging has focused on foreign currency exposures, analysis of jet fuel price exposure in the airline industry and the effects of both financial and operational hedging on this exposure provides valuable insights into risk management. Exposure and hedging in the airline industry is relatively straightforward compared to foreign exchange hedging by multinationals. We inves...