We present a type system that naturally couples two diierent, and apparently contradictory, notions of inheritance that occur in object-oriented databases. To do this we distinguish between the type and a kind of a value. A type describes the entire structure of a value, while a kind describes only the availability of certain elds or methods. This distinction allows us to manipulate heterogeneo...

Publishers wish to sandbox third-party advertisements to protect themselves from malicious advertisements. One promising approach, used by ADsafe, Dojo Secure, and Jacaranda, sandboxes advertisements by statically verifying that their JavaScript conforms to a safe subset of the language. These systems blacklist known dangerous properties that would let advertisements escape the sandbox. Unfortu...

PHP allows the names of variables, classes, functions, methods, and properties to be given dynamically, as expressions that, when evaluated, return an identifier as a string. While this provides greater flexibility for programmers, it also makes PHP programs harder to precisely analyze and understand. In this paper we present a number of patterns designed to recognize idiomatic uses of these fe...

This article introduces two techniques to improve the propagation efficiency of CSP based finite model generation methods. One approach consists in statically rewriting some selected clauses so as to trigger added constraint propagations. The other approach uses a dynamic lookahead strategy to both filter out inconsistent domain values and select the most appropriate branching variable accordin...