The authors report the impact of smoking upon health in Puerto Rico for the year 1983. Using a microcomputer spread-sheet program that calculates smoking-attributable disease impact, they estimated that 2,468 deaths were attributable to smoking. This represented 11.5% of all deaths on the island in 1983 and resulted in approximately 19,445 years of potential life lost (YPLL). It appears that ci...

The ILC Linac Group at SLAC is actively pursuing a broad range of R&D to improve the reliability and reduce the cost of the L-band (1.3 GHz) rf system. Current activities include the development of a Marx-style modulator and a 10 MW sheet-beam klystron, construction of an rf distribution system with adjustable power tap-offs and custom hybrids, tests of cavity coupler components to understand r...

Petri dishes (9 cm diameter) with one sheet of Þ lter paper inside of the same size were used for the experiment. Five different concentrations of neem oil, 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20% were used for the study. One milliliter (100%), 0.8 ml (80%), 0.6 ml (60%), 0.4 ml (40%) and 0.2 ml (20%) of neem oil were evenly soaked (spread with a spatula) on different filter papers of each Petri dish. Distille...

a r t i c l e i n f o Past studies show that only a small percent of organizations implement and enforce formal rules or informal guidelines for the planning, design and development, usage, modification, and disposition stages of spread-sheet models. Due to the lack of such policies, there has been little research on how companies can effectively govern spreadsheets throughout their life cycle....

OBJECTIVE To measure the effect of providing a detailed description of coronary angiography risks on obtaining informed consent from Saudi Arabian patients. METHODS This randomized controlled trial was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from August 2006 to June 2007. Patients were randomized to either an information sheet containing brief information on procedu...

Consider a three-dimensional vortex sheet in inviscid, incompressible flow which is irrotational away from the sheet. We derive an equation for the evolution of a vortex sheet in Lagrangian coordinates, i.e. an equation that is restricted to the sheet itself and is analogous to the Birkhoff-Rott equation for a two-dimensional (planar) sheet. This general equation is specialized to sheets with a...

The increased transmission and geographic spread of dengue fever (DF) and its more severe presentation, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), make it the most important mosquito-borne viral disease of humans (50 to 100 million infections/year) (World Health Organization, Fact sheet 117, 2002). There are no vaccines or treatment for DF or DHF because there are no animal or other models of human diseas...

A site-specific DNA-binding protein was purified from Borrelia burgdorferi cytoplasmic extracts, and determined to be a member of the highly conserved SpoVG family. This is the first time a function has been attributed to any of these ubiquitous bacterial proteins. Further investigations into SpoVG orthologues indicated that the Staphylococcus aureus protein also binds DNA, but interacts prefer...

or quick movement of the muscles affected, at other times first noticed in moving from a position of rest. There is no warning of the first attack, but recurrences may be preceded for a day or two by some stiffness and slight aching of the parts. The pain is felt on any attempted active movement of the lower half of the trunk, especially on rotation or extension; it seems to spread from the spi...

Recent projections of sea-level rise after a future collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (for example, the Fourth Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report) assume that meltwater will spread uniformly (that is, eustatically) across the oceans once marine-based sectors of the West Antarctic are filled. A largely neglected 1977 study predicted that peak values would be 20% h...