Swimming is a sport that has been known for long time, which provides many benefits both physically and emotionally. This study aims to determine the effect of HayuSwim training on swimming speed 50 meters crawl style in athletes age group IV at Piranha club, Tegal City. type research quantitative with theresearch method Quasi Experiment Design. While design this used Pretest-Posttest The sampl...

OBJECTIVE To determine factors associated with adult squash players' protective eyewear behaviours. METHODS A survey of 303 players (aged >or =18 years) was conducted at three squash venues in Melbourne, Australia over a three week period in June 2000 to obtain information about protective eyewear use. RESULTS Of 303 participants the response rate was 98.1%; 66.1% were males, with a mean ag...

This article examines the operation of diversity policies and practices in the sport of football using textual material from Government initiatives, club websites and interviews with club community based workers to suggest that new identity positions are being put into discourse. Sport and in particular football has become a site at which, rather than being classified as dangerous territory whe...

Today, the sport of ice hockey in North America is dominated by its premier circuit, the National Hockey League (N.H.L.). However, at the beginning of this century, the sport had only begun its transformation into a commercially driven spectacle, which, according to Gruneau and Whitson, now sells everything from beer to national identity. Emerging during a period of rapid urbanization and indus...

Professional football is a contact sport with a high risk of injury. This study was designed to examine the contribution of stress and recovery variables as assessed with the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport) to the risk of injury in professional football players. In a prospective, non-experimental cohort design, 22 professional football players in the highest German foot...

Contact sports have long been a part of human existence. The two earliest recorded organized contact games, both of which still exist, include Royal Shrovetide Football played since the 12(th) century in England and Caid played since 1308 AD in Ireland. Rugby is the premier contact sport played throughout the world with the very popular derivative American football being the premier contact spo...

OBJECTIVES To compare the heart rate responses of women orienteers of different standards and to assess any relation between heart rate responses and age. METHODS Eighteen competitive women orienteers completed the study. They were divided into two groups: eight national standard orienteers (ages 23-67 years); 10 club standard orienteers (ages 24-67 years). Each participant had her heart rate...

Rationale/purpose: This research attempts to measure the motivation for football fans travel abroad short periods on multiple occasions attend small-scale events.Design/methodology/approach: Fans of an English team who travelled away matches in 2019/20 Europa League were surveyed (n = 235). A Sport Short Visit Tourism scale is developed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).Results and fin...

OBJECTIVE   Information regarding the relative risks of developing knee osteoarthritis (OA) as a result of sport participation is critical for shaping public health messages and for informing knee-OA prevention strategies. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the association between participation in specific sports and knee OA. DATA SOURCES   We completed a systematic lite...

Improving learning environments requires an understanding of biases and restrictions of current environments. The widely used policy of grouping youth into ‘age groups’ for education and sport promotes a persistent and pervasive developmental disadvantage known as the ‘relative age effect’. This investigation documents two studies examining the potential role of depth of competition in promotin...