Most human cells utilize both glycolysis and oxidative respiration to generate the energy they need. Although oxidative respiration is more effi cient, glycolysis does not require oxygen and therefore tends to predominate in times of extreme environmental stress. For example, cardiac myocytes will fall back on glycolysis in the hypoxic environment that arises after infarct. This may not be enou...

Three alternatively spliced variants of the renal Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) are found in distinct regions of the thick ascending limb of the mammalian kidney; these variants mediate Na(+)K(+)2Cl(-) transport with different ion affinities. Here, we examine the specific residues involved in the variant-specific affinity differences, utilizing a mutagenic approach to change the NKCC2B variant ...

Fast, nongenomic androgen actions have been described in various cell types, including neurons. However, the receptor mediating this cell membrane-initiated rapid signaling remains unknown. This study found a putative androgen receptor splice variant in a dopaminergic N27 cell line and in several brain regions (substantia nigra pars compacta, entorhinal cortex, and hippocampus) from gonadally i...

Gene expression profiling aimed at classifying and prognosing breast cancer has yielded signatures with little, if any, concordance. However, expression arrays used in these studies do not discriminate alternate RNA splice isoforms that vary widely in cancer and may resolve this problem. In this study, we profiled splice isoforms in a panel of tamoxifen-sensitive and -resistant cell lines, defi...

Alternative splicing is known to generate multiple functionally distinct calcium channel variants that exhibit unique spatial and temporal expression patterns. In humans, naturally occurring mutations in genes encoding calcium channel pore forming alpha(1)-subunits are associated with several severe hereditary disorders although it remains to be described whether there exists any relationship b...