Our Galaxy is a barred spiral. Recent work based on the COBE NIR data implies a small bulge–bar and a disk with a short scale-length. The corotation radius of the bar is in the range 3–4.5 kpc. The stellar density distribution beyond the end of the bar appears to be perturbed strongly by the Galaxy’s spiral arms. Gas flow calculations in corresponding potentials provide a qualitative explanatio...

Whole organ culture of the spiral ganglion region is a resourceful model system facilitating manipulation and analysis of live sprial ganglion neurons (SGNs). Three-dimensional (3D) cultures have been demonstrated to have many biomedical applications, but the effect of 3D culture in maintaining the SGNs structure and function in explant culture remains uninvestigated. In this study, we used the...

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of infection and trauma on the organ of Corti and spiral ganglion cells following per-scalar cochlear electrode implantations in cats. The results showed that the incidence of infection with a per-scalar electrode inserted through an opening made directly into the apical and middle turns is low, provided the procedure is carried out aseptically...

In this paper, we propose a session based bit level symmetric key cryptographic technique and it is termed as Spiral Matrix Based Bit Orientation Technique (SMBBOT). SMBBOT consider the input plain text as binary bit stream. During encryption this stream is chopped into manageable sized blocks with variable lengths. Bits of these blocks are taken from MSB to LSB to fit into a square matrix of s...

We investigate the growth of spiral-arm substructure in vertically stratified, self-gravitating, galactic gas disks, using local numerical MHD simulations. Our new models extend our previous two-dimensional studies (Kim & Ostriker 2002), which showed that a magnetized spiral shock in a thin disk can undergo magnetoJeans instability (MJI), resulting in regularly-spaced interarm spur structures a...

Optical tweezers use strongly focused laser beams to trap and manipulate micro-particles. This is a direct consequence of high intensities and high intensity gradients generated by laser beams. In recent years there has been enormous amount of research and development for trapping and manipulation of particles using advanced beam shapes, which includes LaguerreGaussian (LG) beam and spatial bea...

Topological distributions of individual cellular clocks have not been demonstrated in peripheral organs. The cochlea displays circadian patterns of core clock gene expression [1, 2]. PER2 protein is expressed in the hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons of the cochlea in the spiral ganglion neurons [1]. To investigate the topological organization of cellular oscillators in the cochlea, we reco...

Hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons of the mammalian auditory system do not regenerate, and their loss leads to irreversible hearing loss. Aminoglycosides induce auditory hair cell death in vitro, and evidence suggests that phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt signaling opposes gentamicin toxicity via its downstream target, the protein kinase Akt. We previously demonstrated that somatostatin-a ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of acute subtrochanteric fractures managed with intramedullary nail and spiral blade fixation of the proximal fragment. METHODS Charts of 33 patients (17 males and 16 females) with acute subtrochanteric fractures operated with intramedullary nail and spiral blade at our institution between March 2006 and February 2011 were retrospect...

Electrodeposits grown around a point cathode in a flat, horizontal electrochemical cell have fractal form. When grown in the presence of a perpendicular applied magnetic field, the deposits develop a spiral structure with chirality which reverses on switching the field direction. These structures are modeled numerically using biased variants of the diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) model. The...