INTRODUCTION Sleep spindles are short bursts of sleep EEG activity in the range of 11–15Hz, reflecting central nervous system integrity and considered to promote sleep continuity, learning and memory consolidation processes. This contribution comments on the automated detection of sleep spindles and their intracranial sources, as well as on experimental and clinical studies for the characteriza...

Although mitotic and meiotic spindles maintain a steady-state length during metaphase, their antiparallel microtubules slide toward spindle poles at a constant rate. This "poleward flux" of microtubules occurs in many organisms and may provide part of the force for chromosome segregation. We use quantitative image analysis to examine the role of the kinesin Eg5 in poleward flux in metaphase Xen...

Both sleep spindles and slow oscillations have been implicated in sleep-dependent memory consolidation. Whereas spindles occur during both light and deep sleep, slow oscillations are restricted to deep sleep, raising the possibility of greater consolidation-related spindle involvement during deep sleep. We assessed declarative memory retention over an interval containing a nap and determined sp...

Mitotic spindles have been isolated from the blastema stage of Drosophila melanogaster embryos using modified tubulin-polymerizing medium. 'Clean' spindles, relatively free of contaminating cytoplasmic material, are obtained. Under phase contrast, mitotic stages appear remarkably similar to those seen in situ, as reported in early literature. This preservation of morphological integrity, couple...

We study families of submanifolds in symmetric spaces of compact type arising as exponential images of s-orbits of variable radii. If the s-orbit is symmetric such submanifolds are the most important examples of adapted submanifolds, i.e. of submanifolds of symmetric spaces with curvature invariant tangent and normal spaces.

OBJECTIVE The present study examined whether slow and/or fast sleep spindles are related to visuomotor learning, by examining the densities of current sleep spindle activities. METHODS Participants completed a visuomotor task before and after sleep on the learning night. This task was not performed on the non-learning night. Standard polysomnographic recordings were made. After the amplitudes...

We used a peptide antibody to a conserved sequence in the motor domain of kinesins to screen a Xenopus ovary cDNA expression library. Among the clones isolated were two that encoded a protein we named XCTK2 for Xenopus COOH-terminal kinesin 2. XCTK2 contains an NH2-terminal globular domain, a central alpha-helical stalk, and a COOH-terminal motor domain. XCTK2 is similar to CTKs in other organi...