Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its derivatives have transformed the use and analysis of proteins for diverse applications. Like proteins, RNA has complex roles in cellular function and is increasingly used for various applications, but a comparable approach for fluorescently tagging RNA is lacking. Here, we describe the generation of RNA aptamers that bind fluorophores resembling the fluor...

Temperature-induced changes in electron transport activities of chloroplasts isolated from chilling-sensitive and chilling-resistant plants have been examined. Using methylviologen as electron acceptor, temperature-induced changes occurred in the photosystem II plus photosystem I activities of chloroplasts isolated from chilling-resistant spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L....

A substantial portion of the ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase activity in the endosperm of germinating castor beans (Ricinus communis var. Hale) is recovered in the proplastid fraction. The partially purified enzyme shows homology with the enzyme from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves, as evidenced by its reaction against antibodies to the native spinach enzyme and to its catalytic subunit...

These enzymatic reactions have been utilized for t,he preparation of RuDP. In the present paper the isolation procedure and proof of structure of RuDP are described, together with some of the properties of this compound. The availability of substrate quantities of RuDP has permitted a direct study of its reaction with CO2 and the purification of the carboxylation enzyme.2 This work will be repo...

Rubisco (Ribulose-1.5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) from spinach was purified to homogeneity in one step by gel filtration. This enzyme is suitable for the generation of a specific antibody in rabbits. The enzyme concentration in spinach leaves amounted to 40 % of the total soluble protein. The specific antibody shows cross reaction with crude extracts from leaves of other higher plants. ...

Plant pathogens migrate to new regions through human activities such as trade, where they may establish themselves and cause disease on agriculturally important crops. Verticillium wilt of lettuce, caused by Verticillium dahliae, is a soilborne fungus that was introduced to coastal California via infested spinach seeds. It has caused significant losses for lettuce growers. Once introduced, Vert...

Abscisic acid (ABA) accumulated in detached, wilted leaves of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. cv Savoy Hybrid 612) and reached a maximum level within 3 to 4 hours. The increase in ABA over that found in detached turgid leaves was approximately 10-fold. The effects of water stress could be mimicked by the use of thin slices of spinach leaves incubated in the presence of 0.6 molar mannitol, a compo...

The work of Calvin and his coworkers (1,2) has established that 3-phosphoglyceric acid’ is an early product of photosynthesis formed by a “dark” carboxylation reaction. Studies of Fager (3) with spinach chloroplasts have also demonstrated PGA formation as the result of a reaction of CO?: with an unidentified acceptor. Horecker and Weissbach were the first investigators to demonstrate the occurr...

OBJECTIVE By retarding fat digestion, thylakoids, the internal photosynthetic membrane system of green plants, promote the release of satiety hormones. This study examined the effect of consuming a single dose of concentrated extract of thylakoids from spinach on satiety, food intake, lipids, and glucose compared to a placebo. DESIGN Sixty overweight and obese individuals enrolled in a double...