Induction of invasion gene transcription and expression of the invasive phenotype of Salmonella strains are regulated by environmental conditions. Experimental evidence indicates that oxygen, pH, and osmotic conditions need to closely resemble those of the host intestinal lumen for invasion gene activation. The hilA gene, encoded on Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1), is a transcriptiona...

Prediction of drought and flood events can be difficult, but the standardized precipitation index (SPI) calculated from monthly data may be a useful tool for predicting future dryness/wetness events in China. The rainy season SPI was calculated from monthly precipitation data from 3804 meteorological stations in China. The spatiotemporal variation, periodic change, and trend in rainy season SPI...

Managing and improving the processes used to develop software products is widely accepted as one of the remedies to overcome the problem of poor quality systems being delivered. As a result, the IS community has adopted several software process improvement (SPI) programs. The tenets of these programs are grounded in the belief that a mature development process can increase the likelihood of pro...

Software Process Improvement (SPI) is a recognised systematic approach for improving the capability of software organisations. Initiatives of this kind have met a number of difficulties such as: scaling the SPI initiatives, setting realistic goals, coping with the complexity of organisational changes, and dealing with the organisational culture. Organisations with no previous experience of SPI ...

Salmonella typhimurium can colonize the gut, invade intestinal tissues, and cause enterocolitis. In vitro studies suggest different mechanisms leading to mucosal inflammation, including 1) direct modulation of proinflammatory signaling by bacterial type III effector proteins and 2) disruption or penetration of the intestinal epithelium so that penetrating bacteria or bacterial products can trig...

The present study investigated the volatile compound, physicochemical, and antioxidant properties of beany flavor-removed soy protein isolate (SPI) hydrolyzates produced by combined high temperature pre-treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Without remarkable changes in amino acid composition, reductions of residual lipoxygenase activity and beany flavor-causing volatile compounds such as hexanol...

Under a Software Process Improvement (SPI) environment, all phases of a process improvement initiative involving establishing commitment, assessment or diagnosing, improvement plans generation, pilot implementation and improvements deployment, may be accomplished collaboratively by different groups inside an enterprise. Organizational, technical and processbased circumstances have an impact on ...

One way of implementing Software Process Improvement (SPI) is to empower employees to carry out decisions made by management. An alternative way is to invite developers and project leaders to participate in all phases of planning and implementing SPI projects. Such participation has always been a central goal and one of the pillars of organization development and change, and has also been shown...

Nontyphoidal Salmonella species cause gastrointestinal disease worldwide. The prevailing theory of Salmonella enteropathogenesis is that bacterial invasion of the intestinal epithelium is essential for virulence and that this requires the virulence-associated genomic region Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1). Recent studies of Salmonella enterica infection models have demonstrated that e...

Software process improvement (SPI) has been around for decades: frameworks are proposed, success factors are studied, and experiences have been reported.However, the sheermass of concepts, approaches, and standards published over the years overwhelms practitioners as well as researchers. What is out there? Are there new trends and emerging approaches?What are open issues? Still, we struggle to ...