We recorded the responses of single macaque striate cortical cells to color-varying and luminance-varying patterns. We show that (a) the vast majority of primate striate cells respond to pure color stimuli, in addition to responding to luminance-varying stimuli (b) in general, simple cells are color-selective whereas complex cells respond to multiple color regions, (c) most cortical cells show ...

We used psychometric functions to estimate the joint entropy for space discrimination and spatial frequency discrimination. Space discrimination was taken as discrimination of spatial extent. Seven subjects were tested. Gábor functions comprising unidimensionalsinusoidal gratings (0.4, 2, and 10 cpd) and bidimensionalGaussian envelopes (1°) were used as reference stimuli. The experiment compris...

The ability of animals to visually memorize and categorize a large number of pictures is well established. Determining the kinds of information animals use to accomplish these goals has been more difficult. This experiment examined the contribution of spatial frequency information to picture memorization by pigeons. A series of grayscale pictures were notch-filtered to eliminate different porti...

Certain visual stimuli, such as striped patterns and filtered noise, have been reported to be uncomfortable. Some filtered noise patterns judged as uncomfortable are those with a relative decrease in contrast amplitude at high spatial frequencies, compared with the statistics typical of natural images. Decreased amplitude at high spatial frequencies is a characteristic often associated with per...

The detection of a Gabor patch (target) can be decreased or improved by the presence of co-oriented Gabor patches (flankers) having the same spatial frequency as the target. These phenomena are thought to be mediated by lateral interactions. Depending on the distance between target and flankers, commonly defined as a multiple of the wavelength (λ) of the carrier, flankers can increase or decrea...

Exogenous attention can be understood as an adaptive tool that permits the detection and processing of biologically salient events even when the individual is engaged in a resource-consuming task. Indirect data suggest that the spatial frequency of stimulation may be a crucial element in this process. Behavioral and neural data (both functional and structural) were analyzed for 36 participants ...

A computational approach for analyzing visible textures is described. Textures are modeled as irradiance patterns containing a limited range of spatial frequencies, where mutually distinct textures differ significantly in their dominant characterizing frequencies. By encoding images into multiple narrow spatial frequency and orientation channels, the slowly-varying channel envelopes (amplitude ...

Reaction times for detecting sinusoidal gratings depend jointly on grating contrast and spatial frequency. We examine whether the effect of spatial frequency results from low-pass filtering in a single channel or reflects processing of different frequencies by two or more different processing streams. Observers performed a speeded two-alternative spatial forced-choice detection. Errors and reac...

Tuning for speed is one key feature of motion-selective neurons in the middle temporal visual area of the macaque cortex (MT, or V5). The present paper asks whether speed is coded in a way that is invariant to the shape of the moving stimulus, and if so, how. When tested with single sine-wave gratings of different spatial and temporal frequencies, MT neurons show a continuum in the degree to wh...

Although the visual perception depends on the integration of spatial and temporal information, no knowledge is available concerning the responsiveness of neurons in the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (SCi) to extended visual grating stimuli. Accordingly, we set out to investigate the responsiveness of these neurons in halothane-anesthetized cats to drifting sinewave gratings at ...