A combined-modality treatment program consisting of botulinum toxin injection (Botox) and voice therapy was used to treat 17 subjects diagnosed with adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADD SD). Ten subjects with ADD SD served as the control and were given Botox only. Voice therapy after Botox injection was directed toward reducing the hyperfunctional vocal behaviors, primarily glottal overpressure at...

Adductor spasmodic dysphonia is a vocal disorder of uncertain etiology with no satisfactory long-term treatment. Recently, injection of botulinum toxin (Botax) into the thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle has been used as an effective temporary treatment. A surgical counterpart to bilateral TA Botox injection is described in this article. Bilateral thyroarytenoid denervation was performed through a wind...

The condition to which I wish to direct attention is known by a variety of names?catarrh, coryza, rhinitis, rhinorrhoea or nasal hydrorrhea, qualified as spasmodic, paroxysmal, intermittent, periodic, aestival, idiopathic, vasomotor, nervous, and, of course, allergic. As some of these names indicate, the characteristic symptom is an intermittent watery discharge from the nose. In addition there...

Article is designed to expand the course on history of national economy through introduction global topics (in addition sections development individual countries and regions). The article deals with spasmodic world industry in second half 19th - early 20th centuries. Data are given rapid electric power electrical engineering, metallurgy, various means transport (cars, aircraft, etc.), as well t...

Background: Teucrium polium has been known as an important traditional medicinal plant and is used for different therapeutic purposes such as gastrointestinal disorders. Therefore, the anti-spasmodic and antinociceptive activities of aqueous extract of Teucrium polium w as examined. Methods: Anti-spasmodic effect of different concentrations (47-470 mg/l) of Teucrium polium extract was assessed ...