The 2 m thick compacted clay liner with a permeability coefficient of 1 × 10?7 cm/s is required in the Chinese technical specifications about landfills. processes chloride ion completely breakthrough low barriers (k ? cm/s) were modeled at 50 g geo-centrifuge. A measuring system was used to monitor solute velocity and conductivity. entire process breaking through Kaolin successfully, which prov...

[1] Investigations of solute transport in fractured rock aquifers often rely on tracer test data acquired at a limited number of observation points. Such data do not, by themselves, allow detailed assessments of the spreading of the injected tracer plume. To better understand the transport behavior in a granitic aquifer, we combine tracer test data with single-hole ground-penetrating radar (GPR...

background:the dynamic binding capacity (dbc) of a chromatography matrix in protein purification is the amount of the total protein absorbed into the matrix, before occurrence of a significant break in the breakthrough curve. optimization of the process criteria for maximum dbc avoids extra process scale-up and reduces the processing time, costs and protein loss. taguchi method is a simple usef...

Sulfonamide antibiotics are a commonly used group of compounds in animal husbandry. They are excreted with manure, which is collected in a storage lagoon in certain types of confined animal feeding operations. Flood irrigation of forage fields with this liquid manure creates the potential risk of groundwater contamination in areas with shallow groundwater levels. We tested the hypothesis that-i...

PHWAT is a new model that couples a geochemical reaction model (PHREEQC-2) with a density-dependent groundwater flow and solute transport model (SEAWAT) using the split-operator approach. PHWAT was developed to simulate multi-component reactive transport in variable density groundwater flow. Fluid density in PHWAT depends not on only the concentration of a single species as in SEAWAT, but also ...

Modeling carrier influenced transport needs to take into account the reactivity of the carrier itself. This paper presents a mathematical model of reactive solute transport with sorption to mobile and immobile sorbents. The mobile sorbent is considered to be reactive, too. To justify the assumptions and generality of our modelling approach, experimental findings are reviewed and analyzed. A tra...

Traditional characterization of hyporheic processes relies upon modelling observed in-stream and subsurface breakthrough curves to estimate hyporheic zone size and infer exchange rates. Solute data integrate upstream behaviour and lack spatial coverage, limiting our ability to accurately quantify spatially heterogeneous exchange dynamics. Here, we demonstrate the application of near-surface ele...

This paper deals with data reconstruction problem for a real disturbed soil-column experiment using an optimal perturbation regularization algorithm. A purpose of doing the experiment is to simulate and study transport behaviors of Ca2 , Na , Mg2 , K , SO 2− 4 , NO − 3 , HCO − 3 , and Cl − when they vertically penetrating through sandy soils. By data analysis to breakthrough data of the eight k...

Microbial biofilms are the prime site of nutrient and contaminant removal in streams. It is therefore essential to understand how biofilms affect hydrodynamic exchange, solute transport, and retention in systems where geomorphology end induced hydrodynamics shape their growth and structure. We experimented with large-scale streamside flumes with streambed landscapes constructed from graded bedf...

In transport experiments through columns packed with naturally Fe/Al oxide-coated quartz sand, breakthrough curves (BTCs) of natural organic matter (NOM) displayed strong and persistent power law tailing that could not be described by the classical advection-dispersion equation. Tailing was not observed in BTCs for a nonreactive tracer (sulforhodamine B); therefore, the anomalous transport is a...