To gain insight into the use of the VSNU research quality evaluations (since 1993) in the practice of research and of institutional management in Dutch universities, interviews were held in eight cases evaluated in the first year of this procedure. The main conclusions are that use of these research evaluations is universal, both ‘instrumentally’ (in decisions directly based on the judgements) ...

Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2 ) has been used for the first time as a reaction medium for the dehydration of glycerol to acrolein catalyzed by a solid acid. Unprecedented catalyst stability over 528 hours of time-on-stream was achieved and the rate of coke deposition on the zeolite catalyst was the lowest among extensive previous studies, showing potential for industrial application. Cok...

Correction We found an important error in our published paper [1]. On page 7, Section: One-step conversion of Jatropha oil to biodiesel, line 3, we wrote a reaction temperature of 120degreesC. The correct temperature should be 220degreesC. The pressure was also omitted from the same reaction description and should be 7.1 MPa. Direct production of biodiesel from high-acid value Jatropha oil with...

A convenient and efficient methodology for the synthesis of densely substituted pyrrole-fused isocoumarins, which employs solid-supported silica sulfuric acid (SSA) as catalyst, has been developed. When the mixture of ninhydrin adducts of acetylacetone/ethyl acetoacetate and primary amines was heated on the solid surface of SSA under solvent-free conditions, the pyrrole-fused isocoumarins were ...

The modes of deactivation -and the extent to which their properties can be restored- two catalyst bodies used in cascade for bio-oil synthesis have been studied. These catalysts include a solid acid granulate (namely ZrO2/desilicated zeolite ZSM-5/attapulgite clay) employed ex-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis biomass, and base extrudate (K-exchanged USY/attapulgite subsequent upgrading. Post-morte...

1566-7367/$ see front matter Crown Copyright 2 doi:10.1016/j.catcom.2010.01.010 * Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 (21)6425382 E-mail addresses: [email protected] (J. Ren), w Wang). A novel carbon-based solid-acid catalyst was simply prepared for the first time by the thermal treatment of p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH) with D-glucose at 180 C in a sealed autoclave and it was proved to ha...

Platinum extraction from different secondary sources has been experimentally tested by many researchers. In this article, dissolution of platinum in aqua-regia solution from two types of spent catalysts (reforming and nitric acid production) was kinetically studied. A variety of kinetic models for heterogeneous solid-liquid reactions, including homogeneous diffusion model, shrinking core model,...

Effective solid acid catalysts play a key role to produce high-quality biodiesel through triglyceride transesterification. The present work describes a facile technique for the synthesis of a high-performing sulfonated multi-walled carbon nanotube (S-MWCNTs) solid acid catalyst for fatty acid ethyl ester (biodiesel) production. The results indicated that S-MWCNTs possessed high acidity due to t...

In this study, we demonstrate the production of long-chain hydrocarbons (C8+) from 2-methylfuran (2MF) and butanal in a single step reactive process by utilizing a bi-functional catalyst with both acid and metallic sites. Our approach utilizes a solid acid for the hydroalkylation function and as a support as well as a transition metal as hydrodeoxygenation catalyst. A series of solid acids was ...

Herein we investigate the use of CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 (CZA) with different solid acid catalysts (NH4ZSM-5, HZSM-5 or γ-Al2O3) for the production of dimethyl ether from syngas. It was found that of the solid acids, which are necessary for the dehydration function of the admixed system, the CZA/HZSM-5 bifunctional catalyst with a 0.25 acid fraction showed high stability over a continuous period of 212 h...