We have investigated whether rat motor nerve terminals with different in vivo activity patterns also have different vesicle trafficking characteristics. To do this, we monitored, using combined optical and electrical techniques, the rate of exocytosis (during different frequencies and patterns of activity), the releasable pool size, and the recycle time of synaptic vesicles in terminals on sole...

An H reflex conditioning technique was used to monitor the transmission of heteronymous recurrent inhibition from soleus to quadriceps motor neurones of the human lower limb. Inhibition declined during quadriceps muscle contraction under all conditions examined, falling to zero at around one-third of the maximum voluntary contraction. Inhibition declined during soleus muscle contraction in sitt...

We examined the effect of the β2-agonist clenbuterol (50 μM) on depolarization-induced force responses and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function in muscle fibers of the rat ( Rattus norvegicus; killed by halothane overdose) that had been mechanically skinned, rendering the β2-agonist pathway inoperable. Clenbuterol decreased the peak of depolarization-induced force responses in the extensor digi...

A proteomic analysis was performed comparing normal slow twitch type fiber rat soleus muscle and normal fast twitch type fiber tibialis anterior muscle to immobilized soleus and tibialis anterior muscles at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days post immobilization. Muscle mass measurements demonstrate mass changes throughout the period of immobilization. Proteomic analysis of normal and atrophied sole...

Contractile responses to 4-chloro-m-cresol (4-CmC) were tested in saponin- and Triton X-100-skinned fibers from soleus and edl (extensor digitorum longus) muscles of adult rats and compared with those to caffeine. The testing of different concentrations of 4-CmC on saponin-skinned fibers showed that 4-CmC induced a dose-dependent caffeine-like transient contractile response in edl and soleus du...

Slow type I fibers in soleus and fast white (IIa/IIx, IIx), fast red (IIa), and slow red (I) fibers in gastrocnemius were examined electron microscopically and physiologically from pre- and postflight biopsies of four astronauts from the 17-day, Life and Microgravity Sciences Spacelab Shuttle Transport System-78 mission. At 2.5-microm sarcomere length, thick filament density is approximately 1,...

We examined the postnatal changes (days 10, 36, 84, 160, 365) of monocarboxylate transporters (MCT)1 and MCT4 in rat heart and soleus muscle. In the heart, MCT1 protein and mRNA remained unaltered from day 10 until 1 yr of age. Both MCT4 protein and mRNA in the heart were detected at 10 days of age, but the MCT4 protein and transcript were not detected thereafter. In the soleus muscle, MCT1 pro...

The effects of 10 microM glibenclamide, an ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel blocker, and 100 microM pinacidil, a channel opener, were studied to determine how the K(ATP) channel affects mouse extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscle during fatigue. Fatigue was elicited with 200-ms-long tetanic contractions every second. Glibenclamide did not affect rate and extent of fatigue, force ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of the medial gastrocnemius muscle and/or soleus muscle flaps as surgical treatment of the leg bone exposure. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients undergoing transposition of the medial gastrocnemius and / or soleus for treating exposed bone in the leg, from January 1976 to July 2009, gathering information on epidemiological data, t...

Muscle atrophy is a serious and sometimes irreversExperiments were approved by the University Committee on Use and Care of Animals. ible consequence of peripheral nerve damage.4 Recently, we found that muscle atrophy is reversible to Four groups of denervated muscles were used in this study. In all groups, the soleus muscles were varying extents when denervated muscles are grafted with nerve im...