We conducted experimental feeding using 3 feeding methods (pile, spread, trough) and 2 quantities (rationed, ad libitum) of shelled corn to compare deer activity and behavior with control sites and evaluate potential direct and indirect transmission of infectious disease in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in central Wisconsin, USA. Deer use was higher at 2 of the feeding sites than a...

Sand compaction piles are used in practice for ground improvement of soft subsoil in order to accelerate consolidation, reduce compressibility, and increase strength. The current design procedure of sand compaction piles is based on simple empirical calculations, which does not take full account of the sand pile behaviour. This research project investigates the behaviour of a base reinforced em...

An analysis is developed to calculate the response of laterally loaded piles in multilayered elastic media. The displacement fields in the analysis are taken to be the products of independent functions that vary in the vertical , radial and circumferential directions. The governing differential equations for the pile deflections in different soil layers are obtained using the principle of minim...

The expansion of piñon-juniper woodlands the past 100 years in the western United States has resulted in large scale efforts to kill trees and recover sagebrush steppe rangelands. It is important to evaluate vegetation recovery following woodland control to develop best management practices. In this study, we compared two fuel reduction treatments and a cut-and-leave (CUT) treatment used to con...

Slope reinforcement and the use of structural pile elements can be an effective slope remediation alternative when conventional remediation practices (e.g., improved drainage) fail to consider the causal factors leading to slope instability (e.g., strength loss due to weathering). An experimental research program was aimed at developing a rapid, cost-effective, and simple remediation system tha...

The relationship between production and reef pile size was analysed using standing stocks of fishes surveyed at three established artificial reef (AR) habitats in the subtropical waters off the northern coast of Taiwan during April–August 1999. For a closer look, the fish assemblage was further divided into visitors and residents, and biomass was used as a parameter to represent production. Vis...

This paper describes the development of an accurate long-distance position measurement system for construction pile using Laser Range Finders (LRF). The pile positioning and driving is the first work that is one of the important works to request the attentions in the building construction. In general, though the position of piling is measured by the total station that is high accurate survey ma...

The reliability index is an important reliability parameter that is necessary for the development of reliability-based geotechnical design. Both the factor of safety (FS) and the reliability index (β) represent safety margin of structures against either failure or limit state. In this study, the reliability index is analyzed and evaluated in reference to the factor of safety currently adopted i...

Pile heat exchangers – where heat transfer pipes are cast into the building piled foundations – offer an opportunity to use ground energy systems without the additional construction costs related to the provision of special purpose heat exchangers. However, analysis methods for pile heat exchangers are still under development. In particular there is an absence of available methods and guidance ...

The U.S. Army is currently working on the development of a new hybrid type of infantryman. Land Warrior is the name for the project which aims at equipping the dismounted soldiers with wearable computers, head-up display, permanent online connection and other technical components. The idea is to link up the dismounted soldier to an information and communications network spanning the whole field...