This paper presents a large set of spectral and directional signatures of the polarized reflectance acquired over various surfaces. Two analytical physically-based models were developed, one for bare soils and the other for simple vegetation cover. They consider that the polarized reflectance is generated by single specular reflection over isotropically distributed facets or leaves. The models ...

The relationship between STP (soil test P) and DRP (dissolved reactive P) in runoff has been shown to vary with soil type due to differences in soil properties. The purpose of this study was to determine if soil tests could indirectly take into account differences in soil properties and thus provide one relationship with STP and runoff DRP among a variety of soil types. Nine different soil type...

Carbon Stocks across a Fifty Year Chronosequence of Rubber Plantations in Tropical China Chenggang Liu1 ¶, Jiaping Pang1, 2 ¶, Martin R. Jepsen3, Xiaotao Lü4, Jianwei Tang1,* 1 Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, 666303, China; 2 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Resea...

Soils and other unconsolidated deposits in the northern circumpolar permafrost region store large amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC). This SOC is potentially vulnerable to remobilization following soil warming and permafrost thaw, but SOC stock estimates were poorly constrained and quantitative error estimates were lacking. This study presents revised estimates of permafrost SOC stocks, inclu...

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion EGU Abstract One fourth (5.5 Mha) of forests in Finland are growing on peatlands that have been drained...

Contents 1. Introduction 1.1. Arid Ecosystems 1.2. Desertification 2. Degradation of natural resources 3. Frame conditions: The importance of scale 4. Defining compartments for feasible approaches 5. Assessment and monitoring of the problem 6. Approaches to combating degradation in arid systems 6.1. Practical steps within the biophysical system 6.1.1 Water resources 6.1.2. Conservation of soils...

An approach to generation system design is described which supports maximal expression of commonalities across languages. Within this approach it becomes natural to represent inherently multilingual grammars and semantics. The approach rests on the linguistic notion of functional similarity and difference: by capturing the functions languages need to perform , we achieve a level of linguistic d...

Very little is known about the microbiology of graves. We have taken the opportunity to investigate this subject by taking advantage of the unusual opportunity afforded by the experimental burial of pigs in a forensic experiment. Selected microbial characteristics of soils from the 0–15 and 15–30 cm depths of the graves of three pigs and of control soils have been determined 430 days after buri...

Recently, kernel-based Machine Learning methods have gained great popularity in many data analysis and data mining fields: pattern recognition, biocomputing, speech and vision, engineering, remote sensing etc. The paper describes the use of kernel methods to approach the processing of datasets from environmental monitoring networks. Several typical problems of the environmental sciences and the...