INTRODUCTION: The percentage of water stable aggregates (WSA) is a measure of resistance to breakdown by water and mechanical activities. Water stable aggregates improve soil water and air movement. Macro-aggregates (diam. > 250 m) are considered as a secondary soil structure associated with pores, microbial habitat, and physical protection of organic matter (Christensen, 2001; Carter, 2004). A...

To investigate processes that might affect chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) mixing ratios at the water table, a time series was obtained of unsaturated zone soil gas CFCs to depths of ca. 4 m at a site near New York City (NYC). Observed CFC 11, 12, and 113 mixing ratios were lower in winter than expected from either a local, high-resolution time series or remote atmospheric mixing ratios. A diffusion m...

In the United States, petroleum extraction, refinement, and transportation present countless opportunities for spillage mishaps. A method for rapid field appraisal and mapping of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils for environmental cleanup purposes would be useful. Visible near-infrared (VisNIR, 350-2500 nm) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is a rapid, nondestructive, proximal-sensi...

The epidemiology of sclerotinia rot of carrot was investigated on carrot ‘Cellobunch’ during 1999 and 2000 in Ontario. Apothecia were first detected in the crop in early August to mid-September, after the carrot canopy closed and after 7–11 days with soil matric potentials between –0.1 and –0.4 bars and soil temperatures between 14 and 23 °C. Ascospores were first detected in mid-July to mid-Au...

SU.M~IARY: This paper describes part of a study of vegetation/soil system dynamics in which d~e re]ationships were demonstrated bctween structuraJ chang<' of the forest, with"associated changes in composition, and changes in otganic matter and soil physical properties, particularly the quantities cf water and air in non-capillarypores. Becausc of these rcsults an a.nalysis,\','as made of the qu...

1 VIZARD, C.G, RIMMER, D.L, PLESS-MULLOLI, T, SINGLETON, I, & AIR, V.S. 2 Identifying contemporary and historic sources of soil polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins 3 and polychlorinated dibenzofurans in an industrial urban setting. Science of the Total 4 Environment 2006, 370(1), 61-69. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.06.006 5 6 Identifying contemporary and historic sources of soil 7 polychlorinated...

After pollutants from an incineration facility disperse into the air, some people close to the facility may be exposed directly through inhalation or indirectly through consumption of food or water contaminated by deposition of the pollutants from air to soil, vegetation, and water. For metals and other pollutants that are very persistent in the environment, the potential effects may extend wel...

This is practically a companion volume to Parkas and Kenwood's Hygiene and Public Health. The new edition lias been considerably altered and entirely revised. It is divided into seven parts, viz., the examination of water for public health purposes, the analysis of sewage, etc., soil examination, air analysis, food examination, the examination of disinfectants and Part VIT (written by Dr. Savag...

[1] Soil carbon dioxide efflux (soil respiration, SR) was measured with eight autochambers at two locations along a wetland to upland slope at Harvard Forest over a 4 year period, 2003–2007. SR was consistently higher in the upland plots than at the wetland margin during the late summer/early fall. Seasonal and diel hystereses with respect to soil temperatures were of sufficient magnitude to pr...

Significant changes in the distribution of selenium (Se) oxidation states of fresh soil were noted with oven-drying (90°C) or with outdoor storage (>5 yr) in compromised plastic containers compared with small changes in Se oxidation state distribution in air-dried samples. Compromised outdoor storage resulted in a 25% increase in the selenate (Se6+) concentrations with a concomitant 18.4 and 5....