The oxidative carbonylation of methane to acetic acid was investigated using Pt(II) cations as the catalyst and sulfuric acid as the solvent. The eactions were carried out at 180 ◦C in a sealed batch reactor containing either fuming or concentrated (96 wt%) sulfuric acid (3 ml) and PtCl2 20 mM) in the liquid-phase, and pressurized with CH (400 psi) and CO (400 psi). In the absence of CO, the on...

Electrophilic high-valent metal ions are potent intermediates for the catalytic functionalization of methane, but in many cases, their high redox potentials make these intermediates difficult or impossible to access using mild stoichiometric oxidants derived from O2. Herein, we establish electrochemical oxidation as a versatile new strategy for accessing high-valent methane monofunctionalizatio...

Dilute acid and water-only hemicellulose hydrolysis are being examined as part of a multiinstitutional cooperative effort to evaluate the performance of leading cellulosic biomass pretreatment technologies on a common basis. Cellulosic biomass, such as agricultural residues and forest wastes, can have a significant mineral content. It has been shown that these minerals neutralize some of the ac...

Cloned pigs generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) show a greater ratio of early abortion during mid-gestation than normal controls. X-linked genes have been demonstrated to be important for the development of cloned embryos. To determine the relationship between the expression of X-linked genes and abortion of cloned porcine fetuses, the expression of X-linked genes were investigate...

The effect of derivatives of sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), a common air pollutant, which exists in vivo at equilibrium between bisulfate and sulfite, was studied on hyperpolarization-activated cation current (I(h)) in cultured post-natal dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons using the whole cell configuration of patch-clamp technique. SO(2) derivatives increased I(h) current in a dose and voltage-depend...

We study the ammonia addition reactions of H2SO4·NH3 molecular clusters containing up to four ammonia and two sulfuric acid molecules using the ab initio method RI-MP2 (Resolution of Identity 2nd order MøllerPlesset perturbation theory). Together with results from previous studies, we use the computed values to estimate an upper limit for the ammonia content of small atmospheric clusters, witho...

The results of this study show that recombinant interleukin-8 (IL-8) enhances the intracellular killing of Mycobacterium fortuitum by human granulocytes. This chemokine did not stimulate the phagocytosis of M. fortuitum by granulocytes at various bacterium-to-cell ratios. The killing process was not affected by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium bisulfate, which indicates that reco...

INTRODUCTION Clopidogrel bisulfate, chemically S (+)-2-(2chlorophenyl)-6, 7-dihydrothiene [3,2-C]pyridine-5(4H)acetic acid methyl ester sulphate is a potent antiplatelets and antithrombotic drug (at C-7 clopidogrel has an absolute S configuration). Clopidogrel has been approved and marketed globally with the primary indication being to reduce atherosclerotic events in patients with several como...