a bstrac t   background: organizational and structural obstacles are a group of major obstacles in achievement of appropriate family planning counseling. detection of these obstacles from the viewpoint of managers, staffs and clients who are key members in health services providing system is a major step toward appropriate planning to modify or delete this group of obstacles. the present study ...

this research has been conducted to study the social barriers for women to have managerial positions. to this end the glass ceiling theory and role conflict hypothesis have been proposed. the statistical population has been 323 employed female staff of bank melli in tehran who were selected through systematic sampling based on cochran’s sampling formula. findings suggest that the main social ob...

after the victory of constitution revolution, the context became ready for creating new institutions. one of the main elements of these institutions was making people familiar with their social and political rights. thus establishment of parliament and political and social institutions in iran clarified the necessity of political and economic independence. as one of the major concerns of parlia...

In the development of new and renewable energy (EBT), biomass is one alternative source that will be developed. Apart from industrial plantation program (HTI), forestry has opportunity to developed through forest farmer groups other schemes, such cooperative. Energy can defined as a producing for energy. At present, land managed by community in form HKm (community forest) reached 244,434.67 ha ...