artworks are different in terms of creation, application, function, interpretation and finally meaning. sometimes, we don’t know the meaning of a picture or a literal text. human perceptual media and cognitive faculties are confused. the understanding of artworks is difficult. the ready-mades have disrupted the rules of the aesthetic judgment. the recognition of art from non-art is not the work...

Chinese Canadians form one of the largest groups in the Canadian cultural mosaic. Many of the assumptions implicit in a Western autonomy-based approach to bioethical deliberation may not be shared by Chinese Canadians. In traditional Chinese culture, greater social and moral meaning rests in the interdependence of family and community, which overrides self-determination. Consequently, many Chin...

Systemic Functional Linguistics provides a social perspective to language study and views language as a social semiotic resource people use to accomplish their purposes by expressing meanings in context. This paper aims to discuss the semantic aspect from the three metafunctions and the context in which meaning is

The sociological domain is different from the psychological one insofar as meaning can be communicated at the supra-individual level (Schütz, 1932; Luhmann, 1984). The computation of anticipatory systems enables us to distinguish between these domains in terms of weakly and strongly anticipatory systems with a structural coupling between them (Maturana, 1978). Anticipatory systems have been def...

Intelligent systems should be able to initiate and understand social interactions, which are always brought about by physical actions. Thus, all physical actions need to be interpreted for their social effects. This paper gives an analytical framework that identifies the main challenges in modelling social interactions. Such interpretation is subjective and might lead to misunderstandings betwe...