Background Smoking is globally the most important risk factor for health and a major factor of mortality. It is responsible for many diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, digestive system, musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, coronary artery disease, vascular strokes, while destroying the immune system and increases the risk of infections. The aim of this study was to assess the eff...

Several studies have demonstrated that smokers who are able to break the habit generally experience reductions in respiratory symptoms and improvement in pulmonary function; however, far less attention has been given to smokers who are unsuccessful in their attempts at quitting. Recent reports have suggested that these subjects (restarters) may have steeper rates of decline in pulmonary functio...

The cross-sectional association between socioeconomic status (at both the individual and area-based level) and lung function, as measured by forced expiratory volume in one second, in a large population-based cohort was investigated. The study population consisted of 22,675 males and females aged 39-79 yrs. They were recruited from the general community in Norfolk, UK using general practice age...

Water pipe smoking (WPS) has been a traditional habit in the Middle Eastern Society for hundreds of years. The WPS users have a false sense of safety due to its casual use in social gatherings. It was estimated that about 70% of WPS users believe it to be a safe alternative to cigarette smoking.1 Further, the use of flavored tobacco has led to its growing popularity, especially among youngsters.

In the Child Chest Clinic of the Medical College of Virginia Hospitals, 300 teenagers (13 through 19 years of age) were questioned as to their smoking habits, and 127 (42 percent) admitted the smoking habit. Among a control group chosen as a random sample from three local high schools and one junior high school in which students are, in general, of a similar socioeconomic background, 32 percent...

Background: Adolescence is a period of transition and search for identity, which makes adolescents often follow trends that affect society the environment. One adolescent behaviors caused by environmental exposure smoking. Repeated smoking behavior will become habit can sleep quality risk hypertension. This study aimed to determine relationship between habits with hypertension in adolescents.&#...

Objectives: Recently, female smokers are increasing in Korea. This study aims to report the dependence of nicotine and type smoking as a factor influencing success cessation among smokers.Methods: Data were collected from Comprehensive information system for service, data 862 women who used service by Gyeongnam Tobacco Control Center between June 2015, December, 2018, used. After controlling de...

objective: according to the fact that university students are role models for the whole society, this study was performed to evaluate reasons of and attitudes toward cigarette smoking among iranian university students. methods: this study was performed as a cross-sectional self-reported questionnaire based study among university students of kerman city of iran. our questionnaire was attributed ...

Reducing the prevalence of smoking in pregnancy is a priority target for health care. We administered a semi-structured questionnaire to mothers in an inner city general practice who were given brief anti-smoking advice during routine antenatal care. Of a cohort of 113 mothers, 52(46%) reported smoking at the start of pregnancy. Six(12%) of these 52 smokers reported no change in smoking habit d...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for recurrence and prognosis of Kimura's disease. METHODS In this study, 32 patients received surgery alone, surgery followed by steroids orally and surgery followed by radiotherapy respectively from 2003 to 2015 (male/female: 27/5, ages: 6-64 years). Retrieval of clinical data and follow-ups have been done. The clinical features u...