To understand cell interactions during induction of skin appendages, we studied the roles of adhesion molecules N-CAM, tenascin, integrin, and fibronectin during feather development. Tenascin appeared in a periodic pattern on epithelia and was so far the earliest molecule detected in placodes. Three placode domains were identified: the anterior was positive for tenascin, the distal positive for...

OBJECTIVES Almond (Prunus amygdalus) hull and shell are agricultural by-products that are a source of phenolic compounds.The processing of almond produce shell and hull, accounts for more than 50% by dry weight of the almond fruits. Recently, more studies have focused on the influence of storage conditions and postharvest handling on the nutritional quality of fruits, especially the antioxidant...

This study centered around an experimental analysis of a Mens Lightweight Eight racing shell and, specifically, determining an approximation for the drag coefficient. A testing procedure was employed that used a Global Positioning System (GPS) unit in order to determine the acceleration and drag force on the shell, and through calculations yield a drag coefficient. The testing was run over seve...

A 57-year-old Japanese man presented with a 10-year history of a plaque on his face. The lesion had gradually increased in volume. Physical examination revealed a brownish-grey plaque, approximately 5 × 5 cm in size, with ulceration on the right nasolabial area (Fig. 1a). Dermoscopy showed a milky-red area with some milia-like cysts and dilated vessels on the surface (not shown). Histo patholog...

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare adnexal neoplasm that typically presents in Caucasians. We report a rare case of MAC in a 68 year old African American male that presented as a large asymptomatic scalp mass. The clinical and histologic features of MAC are discussed. A summary of all reported cases of MAC in African American patients is presented, and treatment options are discussed.

The highly conserved ectodysplasin A (EDA)/EDA receptor signaling pathway is critical during development for the formation of skin appendages. Mutations in genes encoding components of the EDA pathway disrupt normal appendage development, leading to the human disorder hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Spontaneous mutations in the murine Eda (Tabby) phenocopy human X-linked hypohidrotic ectoder...

Low passage cultured dermal papilla cells from adult rats stimulate complete hair follicle neogenesis when re-implanted into heterotypic skin. In contrast, cultured sheath cells are non-inductive despite sharing other behavioural characteristics (a common lineage and in situ proximity) with papilla cells. However, since sheath cells can behave inductively in amputated follicles after regenerati...

Most mammals, birds, and reptiles are readily recognized by their hairs, feathers, and scales, respectively. However, the lack of fossil intermediate forms between scales and hairs and substantial differences in their morphogenesis and protein composition have fueled the controversy pertaining to their potential common ancestry for decades. Central to this debate is the apparent lack of an "ana...