BACKGROUND Heparin solution is routinely used to maintain the patency of infusion devices. Literature supports the alternative use of normal saline solution for flushing and locking intravenous infusion devices especially for pediatric patients. There is uncertainty regarding safety and efficacy of this policy for intermittent locking of implanted ports. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates efficac...

health care is considered a universal human right greatly emphasized in social welfare development in most countries. in this regard, public health care with its pervasive effects on the general level of communities' health is a top priority drawing the attention of planners and decision-makers a like. unequal and inharmonious distribution of such services leads to unequal accessibility ca...

Waste management is a complex and detailed process that involves evaluation of certain important factors, such as a geological, geotechnical, hydrological, hydrogeological, climate, urban management, environmental, along with social, cultural, and psychological parameters. Unfortunately, in Iran, there is minimal evaluation of initial parameters and in some cases even don’t exist. The purpose o...

The new proton antiproton annihilation experiment at Darmstadt, PANDA, foresees to run with a frequency of up to 10 interactions per second and will deliver an expected data rate of several tens of gigabytes per second. In this scenario, real time processing, for intelligent data compression and event selection, is mandatory. A general purpose compute node based on eld programmable gate arrays ...

background split- thickness skin graft is one of the most common operations in plastic surgery. it is always painful and patient discomfort from donor site often is more significant than recipient site. there is not still a standard method for treatment of the donor site. the purpose of this study was to determine the best method of dressing the donor site among three different methods with res...

the investigation was conducted on wet and dry seasons of ethiopia during the year 2012/2013 at wondo genet agricultural research center nursery site. four levels of cutting size and three levels of cutting positions were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. data on seedling height, branch number/seedling, root number/seedling, root weigh/seedling, root length/s...

Background and purpose: An appropriate solid waste (SW) disposal has been a major problem in municipal environment. The use of landfills is the most economical and environmentally acceptable method for the disposal of SWs all over the world. However, landfill leachate can cause environmental issues such as soil and ground water pollution. So, finding suitable land fill site is one of the mo...

We provide strong evidence of advantageous selection in the Medigap insurance market, and analyze its sources. Using Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) data, we find that, conditional on controls for the price of Medigap, medical expenditures for senior citizens with Medigap coverage are, on average, about $4,000 less than for those without. But, if we condition on health, expenditures ...