LL present theories of crossing over tacitly assume that events in one tetA rad (at least as far as crossing over is concerned) are independent of those occurring in the other tetrads of the cell. Yet as long ago as 1919 STURTEVANT suspected that the presence of a heterozygous inversion in one chromosome pair increases crossing over in a non-homologous pair of chromosomes. The effect was defini...

Incorporating elasticity into wavefield extrapolation methods includes pitfalls that have no parallel in acoustic scenarios. First, coupled effects among the multiple elastic wave modes (which become three in the presence of anisotropy) often result in crosstalk contamination of the inverted reflectivity and earth model parameters. Second, conventional acquisition does not capture the full wave...

Abstract. The micropulse differential absorption lidar (MPD) was developed at Montana State University (MSU) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) to perform range-resolved water vapor (WV) measurements using low-power lasers photon-counting detectors. MPD has proven produce accurate WV up 6 km altitude. However, MPD's ability higher-altitude is impeded by current standard (DI...